Classical Theorists Essay example -- Sociology, Feminist Theory, Gende

The dominant voice in sociology is white, heterosexual and male. This is certainly true of the â€Å"Classical† theorists and forefathers Georg Simmel and Max Weber. Over the years Sociology has recognized different voices in the tradition, opening the doors for feminist theory and theorists such as Candace West, Don H. Zimmerman, Judith Butler, Patricia Hill Collins, Dorothy E. Smith, and Raewyn Connell. These sociologists attempt to offer a different standpoint from the dominant one, a standpoint that can find some of its roots in the works of the sociological forefathers. West and Zimmerman’s Doing Gender was a seminal sociological work. The authors asserted, â€Å"the essential male and female natures are an achieved status of objective fact, they provide the rationale for the differing fates of women and men† (Kivisto 2011: 319). Max Weber’s views on status compliment this idea. Weber states â€Å"a status group can exist only to the extent that others accord its member prestige or degrading, which removes them from the rest of social actors and establishes the necessary social distance† (Coser 1977: 229). West and Zimmerman go on to discuss the difference between sex, sex category, and gender. They also concentrate on gender, submitting that instead of an essential part of our nature it is an act we portray daily (Kivisto 2011). West and Zimmerman take on gender was revolutionary but at its very foundation is the idea of status in American society. Generally, gender difference has been used to subjugate the female sex category. Georg Simmel also dealt with status in his essay on Fashion. He discussed the lower class acquiring material items to mimic higher classes. Similarly, West and Zimmerman discussed gender displays a... ...2011). Many jobs that are considered masculine make more money, such as businessman and pro football players. While teachers, nurses, and cleaning ladies traditionally female positions barely make a enough to survive. It says a lot about what gender we value in society. Arguing for a living wage from a feminist stand point, would highlight the contradictory act of teaching one thing and practicing another. The feminist perspective might point out that feminine and masculine are social constructions. This ideal would equalize the sex category female and male (Kivisto 2011). Making â€Å"female† activities as valuable as male activities. They would accept knowledge from all groups. Use a variety of standpoints to make decisions about wages (Kivisto 2011). Try to dismantle the gendered hierarchal structure of the university and disavow â€Å"masculine† and â€Å"Feminine†.

Chemistry of Anti-money Counterfeiting Technology Essay

I. Abstract Counterfeiting money is a big business for criminals. Nearly $70 million of fake currency gets used daily, costing consumers millions. In the present day, there are many new technologies that have been discovered and studied in order to help put counterfeiters out of business. Our currency is something that we must protect, which is why these technologies and discoveries are very important in the safety and development of our economy. The new generation of Philippine banknotes includes new and more advanced technology to ensure the safety of the genuine Philippine banknotes. This is to prevent money counterfeiting in our country. These new features include more advanced photo editing, which features micro printing on the different images and texts on the banknotes, a unique rough texture, a new system of serial numbering, advanced security fibers and security threads, watermark technology, and optically variable ink. These are the most advanced and efficient methods of preventing mon ey counterfeiting today. Provided in this paper is a detailed explanation and description of each security precaution and a detailed review of the methods used to execute them. II. Denominations of Currency The new generation Philippine banknotes composes of the denominations twenty, fifty, one hundred, two hundred, five hundred, and one thousand peso bills. The new twenty-piso bill honors President Manuel L. Quezon, the first President of the Republic of the Philippines on the front of the bill while the reverse shows the image of the breathtaking Banaue Rice Teraces and the Palm Civet from the Cordilleras. The fifty-piso bill commemorates President Sergio Osmeà ±a who led our country at the critical stage of World War II. The reverse shows an image of the Taal Lake, one of the world’s smallest active volcanoes and the Maliputo Fish. The one hundred-piso bill pays tribute to President Manuel Roxas who prioritized the crafting of the Central Bank charter then provided the leadership for the reconstruction of our country after the devastation of the Second World War. On the reverse, the near perfect cone-shaped Mayon Volcano and the Butanding or Whale Shark is also featured. The two hundred-piso bill features President Diosdado Macapagal who restored the celebration of Philippine independence on June 12. The reverse features the unique icon of Bohol, the Chocolate Hills and the Tarsier. The five hundred-piso bill is a salute to the champions of Philippine democracy, Senator Benigno Aquino Jr. and President Corazon Aquino. The reverse features the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park. Finally, the one thousand-piso bill features three of our war heroes, Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos, Josefa Llanes Escoda, and General Vicente P. Lim. The reverse features the Tubbataha Reefs National Marine Park and the world famous South Sea Pearl. Figure 1 The money denominations come in specific color schemes of orange for the twenty-piso bill, red for the fifty-piso bill, violet for the one hundred-piso bill, green for the two hundred-piso bill, yellow for the five hundred-piso bill, and blue for the one thousand-piso bill. III. Security Features The Philippine Banknote or the Philippine Peso Bill finds the need to be current with the use of new technology to enhance the security of banknotes to remain impossible to replicate by criminals. The new generation Philippine banknotes incorporates the latest available technology in banknote security. This is the reason that they have developed new designs and upgraded the security features of all our banknotes. A. Photo Editing The Central bank of the Philippines uses a special photo editing software to ensure specific prints that are impossible to copy by criminals. Some of these specifications include nano prints on the images, lines, and words on the banknotes. B. Texture The note is not smooth to the touch, but a bit rough. This is because the bank notes are made of 80% cotton and 20% Philippine Abaca. Aside from that, the raised prints that are embossing from the Intaglio printing process give the bill a unique tactile feel. Intaglio printing is a printing technique in which the image is incised into a surface. Normally, copper (Cu) or zinc (Zn) are used, and the incisions are created by etching ot engraving the image. In printing, the surface is covered in ink and then rubbed vigourously with tartalan cloth or newspaper to remove ink from the surface, leaving it in theincisions. The very sharp printing obtained from the intaglio process is hard to imitate by other means. Intaglio also allows for the creation of latent images, which are only visible when the document is viewed at a very shallow angle. Figure 2 C. Serial Numbers The serial numbers are composed of one or two prefix letters and six to seven digits in asymmetric or increasing size. Serial numbers are not difficult to forge; yet they make banknotes easier to track and audit. Figure 3 D. Security Fibers The paper used to print our currency has tiny threads of fibers embedded into the paper. These red and blue fibers glow under ultraviolet light. If the bill has no red and blue fibers that glow, then it is probably a fake bill. Fluorescent marks are the invisible phosphor dyes on banknotes that glow under UV or blacklight. This glow will be visible under a money detector device. There are two kinds of security fibers. The first one is the visible security fibers. These are easily seen in current Philippine banknotes as the blue and red fibers that are randomly spread throughout the front and back of the paper. The other kind is the invisible security fiber. These glow a fluorescent yellow under ultraviolet light. Genuine security fibers in Philippine banknotes can be easily plucked out (yes, try it!) with the aid of a needle. Counterfeit money usually only prints the fibers on paper, thus they cannot be plucked out. Figure 4 E. Watermarks The watermark shows a shadowed image of the portrait and the banknotes’ denomination on the blank space when viewed against the light from either side of the bill. This is possible due to paper density variations. Figure 5 The word â€Å"Pilipino†, written in our ancient Filipino alphabet, Baybayin, can be seen in its complete form when the banknote is viewed against the light. F. Concealed Value When the banknote is rotated at a 45-degree angle and tilted downwards, we can see the concealed denominational value super imposed on the smaller version of the portrait. Figure 7 G. Security Threads Both the twenty-piso and the fifty-piso have a 2mm wide security thread that can be visible when viewed against the light. The one hundred, two hundred, five hundred, and one thousand-piso bills have a 4mm wide stich-like security thread embedded on the bill and when viewed from different angles, its color changes from red to green. The embedded security thread is a special thread vertically implanted off center of the note during the manufacture of the banknote paper. The front of the thread carries a clear text – the initials of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) and the numeric denomination of the bank note. The back of the thread is also printed with the initials BSP. There are two kinds of security threads. One is a thin aluminum (Al) coated and partly demutualized polyester film thread with microprinting, which is embedded in the security paper as banknote or passport paper. The other kind of security thread is the single or multicolor sewing thread made from cotton or synthetic fibers, mostly UV fluorescent, for the bookbinding of passport booklets. Figure 8 H. Optically Variable Device Patch The five hundred-piso bill and the one thousand-piso bill have the optically variable device patch, a reflective foil. For the five hundred-piso bill, it reveals the small BSP (Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas) logo and the blue parrot, while the one thousand-piso bill reveals the small BSP logo and the South Sea Pearl inside a clam. The patches change color from red to green when the note is rotated 90-degrees. Figure 9 I. Optically Variable Ink A security feature exclusive to the one thousand-piso note is the optically variable ink for the embossed denomination value on the lower right corner on the face of the banknote, which changes color from green to blue when it is viewed in different angles. Color changing inks are inks containing pearlescent pigments that change color when viewed at a different angle. The color of the ink does not actually change, but the angle of the light to the viewer’s eye changes and thus creates the change in color. A number of types are available, including green to purple, gold to green and green to lilac. Optically variable inks (OVI) are very expensive inks applied on banknotes as a security feature. So far, only the 1000 peso bills have this. There are two versions of OVI printing on the 1000 peso banknotes. This is an excellent security feature because counterfeiters will need a lot of effort and money to replicate it. They are called optically variable inks because tiny flakes of color-shifting film are incorporated in the intaglio ink. Thus, prints of OVI change color when viewed from different angles.

School Schedules Should Not Be Applied - 847 Words

Year-long school schedules should not be applied to schools because of costs, planning changes, effects on families, and the fact that year-round schooling does not actually help with summer learning loss. Many schools throughout the United States have experimented with the year-round calendar. In fact, â€Å"The U.S. has more than 3,000,† (Mahoney A3). What these schools have found is that the cons outweigh the pros. The good effects of changing the schedule include lower costs, more time in school, and the prevention of students forgetting material over the summer. The thing is, none of those listed above are actually true. Schools that were expecting costs to go down were surprised to find the costs actually went up, and that the†¦show more content†¦Maintaining the school buildings becomes more difficult, as well. â€Å"Maintenance is needed more consistently because of year-round use of facilities; maintenance may become a problem because major repairs can no longer be done in the idle months of the summer,† (Clark). All of these changes also cost more money. â€Å"A single-track YRS program can actually cost more than the traditional program,† (Carter). The salaries of teachers rise, because they do not get a summer either. Schools that adopt the year-round calendar actually have to hire more staff, which means more salaries to pay. In the schools that use the multi-tracking system, more students attend the school, which also raises prices. As a mandatory level of society, changing the schedule of schools affects the whole town. Advocates of year-round schooling say that the change in schedule benefits families. It provides free childcare for parents during the summer. It also causes random breaks throughout the year. Having a three-week break every two months is the common strategy for year-round schools. How easy is it for parents to find a caregiver for their children on this schedule versus over the summer? The strange break system also makes it difficult for families to take vacations, particularly in schools that use the multi-tracking system, which can cause siblings to have Carter, Robin Lockett. The TraditionalShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of A Research Topic Using Various Scientific Methods961 Words   |  4 Pagesmany ways to approach on solving a research topic using various scientific methods. Research methods are mainly use in decision making that guide the researchers to develop and test out their hypothesis to their study. Action research is a type of applied research that uses systemic approach to evaluate and observe countless solutions to a problem. Action research is most likely to be used in educational setting, where educators to find and use applicable information to solve and improve an issue inRead MoreSupervising Professional Interview Form.767 Words   |  4 Pagesinterview your Supervising Professional (over lunch or some other mutually comfortable time, keeping notes in your practicum notebook) and ask the following questions to help familiarize you with your practicum experience. The Supervising Professional should not be expected to complete this form - rather this form has been designed to provide you with an outline of thought provoking questions to facilitate conversation regarding philosophy, and evaluation/intervention practices.  · What formal assessmentRead MoreStudent Athletes726 Words   |  3 Pageshand, people argue that grade point average standards for Division One athletes are appropriate for their demanding schedules. On the other hand, others claim that the standards are too low and unfair to academically advanced students. Throughout high school, every student, not just athletes, is faced with demanding and challenging workloads. But are student athletes demanding schedules an excuse to not meet academic excellence? In order to be eligible for Division One college athletic recruitment,Read MoreWhy School Should Start Later1056 Words   |  5 Pages School start times should be later because school times should revolve around the student’s best ability to learn. When America started public schools, they had the same time frame, around seven to three. They did this so the farmers would have time to go and work in the afternoon. Well, needless to say we still have the same schedule now, with a much different industry and way of life. There are countless reasons schools should start later and countless studies that prove school should startRead MoreFex Mod Essay1122 Words   |  5 Pagesgraduate. Students also feel they can complete shorter certifications of welding and nursing when compared to other four-year degrees. This school year the district implemented Flex Mod schedules for teachers and students. This type of schedules allows students to have ILT, Independent Learning Time, where they can socialize or work on school work. If a student’s grades fall below a 70 they are put into Mandatory Learning Time once a week with the they are having trouble in. After two weeks if theirRead MoreQuestions and Answers: Is Outsourcing More Beneficial than Hiring Local Staff?623 Words   |  3 Pagesown staff within a school. In this research task I will focus specifically on investigating this question within the environment of an ISASA school and the outsourced elements, and the duties they fulfil, such as: the IT Department, auxiliary staff such as cleaners, as well as the security provided around the school. Within this research it will be determined whether or not outsourcing is a better option than permanent employment as well as the various pros and cons. 2. Why should we know about thisRead MoreBringing Back the Five Year High School Program900 Words   |  4 PagesBringing Back the Five Year High School Program For many teens, their four years of high school have been a memorable and transforming experience, but for others, high school was just another brick building keeping them from the real world. But what if another year of education was added back to the four year program and it assisted students with their high school experience? Since 2003, Toronto high schools have removed the fifth year of the high school program but people have spoken about bringingRead MoreDochel Case Study741 Words   |  3 Pages Navigating ESOL: Program and Procedures for Better Student Outcomes The course DoDEA New ESOL Teacher Professional Development course could not have come at a better time. This school year proved to have many ongoing changes along with some unexpected changes in the ESOL timeline, e.g., the late arrival of LAS Links Assessment scores and F10 forms (2007 ESL DoDEA Guide). The course title is misleading in the fact that several of the ESOL teachers that took the course are experienced ESOL teachersRead MoreUnit 21276 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Unit 2 : Working in the Science Industry Walworth Academy Science Department Course title: BTEC National Extended Diploma in Applied Science Tutor name: Assignment 2.1 : Procedures used in the Laboratory Ref: Learner name Start date: Deadline date: Unit : (10 Credits) Scenario You are a publicist for a technician training organisation. You have been given the job of producing a prospectus into the work of a science technician focussing on methods of communicationRead MoreReturning to School1026 Words   |  5 PagesReturning to School Candy Griggs ENG 121 English Composition I Prof. Matthew Bamberg November 1, 2012 Returning to school was a big decision for me, although it was a rather hasty one. I have wanted to return for many years to seek an actual degree; however I just didn’t have the motivation. Being turned down for a promotion gave me the motivation I needed. There are obstacles and lifestyle changes for anyone returning to school. The issue is how you handle them and looking toward the benefits

The Great American Victory Described in Robert Reminis...

Robert Remini tells the readers in â€Å"The Battle of New Orleans† that he wishes to educate his audience of the hard-hitting times our soldiers endured in this remarkable battle that made America the strong and independent country it is today. It is important to Remini to depict the heroic feats of Andrew Jackson â€Å"who became a symbol of what was best in American society† (Remini xi) because of his great leadership and determined heart. The Battle of New Orleans was a great victory for America, during the War of 1812. What made it so glorious wasn’t just the bloodshed or the hard work, but it was that the British Army was of only superb soldiers, generals, and nothing less. The things that the British endured and the distance that these†¦show more content†¦Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, and the Warhawks decide to take action and â€Å"pressured President James Madison into asking congress to declare war against Great Britain† (6). With plans to go after â€Å"the principal towns and commercial sites† the British composed a â€Å"three-pronged invasion† aimed at the Chesapeake Bay area, such as Washington; New York State; and Louisiana. Major general Robert Ross went into Washington and burned down the white house and the beloved streets of justice. After many battles on both sides the two finally met up on New Orleans grounds. The night of December 23 â€Å"the British had nearly captured [Jackson’s] artillery†, Jackson had moved deep into British areas getting closer to a victory, and after about two hours, the British had 46 men killed, 167 wounded, and 64 missing and the Patriots lost 24 killed, 115 wounded, and 74 missing or captured. The men captured by the British were lawyers, merchants, and inexperience soldiers. The British found this very amusing that we had so many untrained soldiers but, this just proves that when fighting for freedom and â€Å"beating back and invasion of their homeland† anyone can achieve great success. (79-80). Once again the British thought they were victorious, but they were quickly proven wrong with Andrew Jackson’s brilliant plan of a sneak attack in British territory. This was completely unexpected and stalled the British for a couple of days. He then stopped the invasion saving New Orleans of

Redemption The novel begins with an adult Amir looking...

Redemption: The novel begins with an adult Amir looking back on the events of his childhood. He is trying desperately to ignore his unatoned sins, but realizes that â€Å"it’s wrong what they say about the past†¦about how you can bury it. Because the past claws its way out†(Hosseini 1). Even after Amir and his father flee to America to one afternoon from decades ago still haunts him. Amir’s inaction that day impacts the rest of his life and leads to lies, betrayal, and guilt. He desires to be forgiven for his sin and does everything he can to find redemption. Amir is hopeful that â€Å"there is a way to be good again†(Hosseini 2). Social and ethnic tensions: The Kite Runner allows us a look at Afghanistan before the Soviet invasion and then after.†¦show more content†¦Family: The theme of family is persistent throughout The Kite Runner. Amir struggles between his relationship with Baba and his brotherhood with Hassan. The brotherhood of Amir and Hassan is at the heart of The Kite Runner. It is a strong, central theme woven throughout the novel. Amir and Hassan were â€Å"kids who had learned to crawl together, and no history, ethnicity, society, or religion was going to change that†(Hosseini 25). But, even though they were companions from a young age, Amir constantly tests Hassan’s loyalty and in a way, resents him. Amir explains, â€Å"I never thought of Hassan and me as friends either. Not in the usual sense, anyhow†(Hosseini 25). Amir’s love for Hassan is selfish and full of insecurity. However, Hassan’s love for Amir is selfless. He looks up to Amir and would do anything for him. His motto seems to be, â€Å"For you a thousand times over!†(Hosseini 67). Amir and Hassan’s friendship includes jealousy and insecurity, the characteristics of brotherly love. Although their relationship becomes strained, â€Å"there was a brotherhood between people who had fed from the same breast, a kinship that not even time could break†(Hosseini 11).Amir also finds it difficult to witness the relationship with Ali and Hassan. Baba and Amir’s poor relationship is offset by Ali and Hassan’s healthy one. Ali and his son, Hassan, have a loving, supportive relationship. It makes Baba and Amir’s relationship seem even more dysfunctional. It isShow MoreRelatedThe Kite Runner - Amir s Redemption1323 Words   |  6 PagesRunner – Amir’s Redemption We all make mistakes, but it is how we make up for those mistakes that will decide the kind of person we will become. The Kite Runner novel was written by Khaled Hosseini about a boy who also grew up in Afghanistan just like the author. The novel opens during a peaceful time in Kabul and tells the story of Amir and his friend and servant, Hassan. It tells us about Amir looking for approval from his father, Baba, the ethnic tensions in Afghanistan and the events leading upRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini.published Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesThe Kite Runner is the kind of novel portraying the common issues of the lives of parents and children. The Kite Runner is the first novel by Afghan-American author Khaled Hosseini.Published by Riverhead Books, it recounts the narratives of Amir, a young boy from the WazirAkbar Khan district of Kabul, whose closest companion is Hassan, son of his father s servant Hazara. The story is situated against a backdrop of turbulent and vo latile events, from the fall of Afghanistan s monarchy through theRead MoreCultural Differences in The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini 1160 Words   |  5 Pagestowards two completely different people. Amir, the son of a wealthy man in Kabul, Afghanistan, develops a friendship with his servant, Hassan. Amir and Hassan have a rather complicated relationship for two personalities that are originally very different. Hassan has strong feelings for Amir, but Amir never admits to their friendship because of their difference in social standing. As the years progressed, Amir is put in a difficult situation, during which his actions affect their lives forever whichRead MorePlot Structure Of The Kite Runner1690 Words   |  7 PagesHosseini and Arundhati Roy’s novels are devised in such a way that the plot structures are exact parallels. Thus, they can successfully use the same plot structure to portray two divergent effects of losing one’s innocence in a traumatic event. The p lot structure of the novels also reinforces the idea of innocence. The plot structure for The Kite Runner is chronological, but the plot structure for The God of Small Things is circular. In his novel, The Kite Runner, Hosseini begins to dive into the distinctionRead MoreThe Kite Runner3049 Words   |  13 Pagesatonement Review Royal Hamel Hassan!† I called. â€Å"Come back with it!† He was already turning the street corner, his rubber boots kicking up snow. He stopped, turned. He cupped his hands around his mouth. â€Å"For you, a thousand times over!† he said. So opens the pivotal event in The Kite Runner, a novel by Khaled Hosseini. The movie version, which is now in theatres, was nominated for a Golden Globe as best foreign-language film of 2007. Amir and Hassan, inseparable, fiercely loyal friends, have justRead MoreMajor Works Data Sheet Name3634 Words   |  15 PagesAfghanistan. He then moved to the U.S. when he was 11. He didn t return to Afghanistan until he was 38. On the trip he felt like a tourist in his own country. -As a child, the author read lots of Persian poetry. -He feels survivor s guilt for leaving the country before the Taliban invasion. -Afghanistan is the topic of most of the author s writing. Literary Era: Historical information about the period of publication: (3) Look for information that would help clarify the novel s themes. -Read MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 Pages This page intentionally left blank CHAPTER 1 Managing IT in a Digital World The utilization of information technology (IT) has become pervasive. Businesses not only have information systems (IS) that connect frontline employees with back-office accounting and production systems but also compete with dot-com (Internet only) companies via Web-based stores and online customer service channels. Travelers can access high-speed wireless networks from public transportation, airports, and

Forrest Gump Free Essays

Fates Destiny Society has always questioned whether love or death is a matter of choice or fate. Fate is the theory that everything happens just the way it is supposed to happen. It is also the notion that all things and events are predetermined by a higher power. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now In William Shakespeares’ Romeo and Juliet, he writes about a young man named Romeo who falls in love with a woman named Juliet. Romeo’s falling in love with Juliet causes multiple people to die including the two lovers, and he is responsible. He claims that he did not kill those individuals, and that it was fate. He also claims that fortune chose for him to end his life in order to be with his lover. In Eric Roth’s academy award winner Forrest Gump, he writes about a young man named Forrest who grew up in Greenbow, Alabama. Forrest tells his life story to strangers while waiting at a bus stop and how he’s made the best of everything that’s ever happened to him. Roth and Shakespeare both write about how the powerful concept of fate and destiny effect human beings because when Romeo’s wife dies he blames fate and when Forrest Gumps’ wife dies he states everybody has a destiny. We’ve all heard it before; â€Å"It just wasn’t meant to be,† or it was. Although it may be frustrating at times, it depends on what side of the fence you are on. We try to make excuses of why things happen in order to find some reality in these circumstances. In Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet Romeo is the kind of character that is a strong believer in fate. In (3. 1. 11) after Romeo gets married to Juliet he runs into Mercutio, Tybalt (Juliet’s’ cousin), and Benvolio. Mercutio and Tybalt start fighting, Mercutio dies and Romeo is angry with Tybalt and seeks revenge. Romeo kills Tybalt and then says â€Å"O, I am fortune’s fool! † immediately after he kills Tybalt in a duel. This seems to suggest that fate or â€Å"fortune† is responsible for Tybalt’s death, not Romeo. In Eric Roth’s Forrest Gump, Jenny ,Forrest’s best friend at the time, is being chased by her abusive father through the fields. while hiding she prays â€Å"Dear God, make me a bird so I could fly far, far, far away from here. this clearly shows that Jenny believes in fate because saying â€Å"Dear God† is referring to a higher power. Again in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in (5. 1. 24) after the main character ,Romeo, hears the horrible news from Balthasar that Juliet is dead. He cries to the sky â€Å"Is it even so? then I defy you, stars! † meaning that Romeo rejects the stars that have decided to separate Juliet an d him by death. In Forrest Gump while waiting at a bus stop, Forrest says â€Å" momma always used to say life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re gonna get. meaning that life is not controlled by the individual and it is unexpected because a higher power determines someone’s future. It is clear to see that these stories are similar in the sense that both Eric Roth and William Shakespeare use the theme of fate and it’s effects on people. Fate is the choice of a higher power but destiny is the choice of the person who believes in their fate. Both Romeo and Juliet and Forrest and Gump are examples of how fate effects humans. Shakespeare and Roth both write about how powerful the concept of fate and destiny are. When Romeo’s wife dies he blames fate and when Forrest Gumps’ wife dies he talks about how everybody has a destiny. This is relevant to our present day society because many believe in fate. Fate can cause issues in society, because we as humans have not learned how to differentiate between fate and freewill. We have to learn to realize the difference between blaming something on fate and taking the blame for our own faults. If we do not do this every generation will have excuses about how fate got in their way when it was really their free will. How to cite Forrest Gump, Essay examples Forrest Gump Free Essays Alma F. Florendo STUDENT NUMBER:   2009-5226 Fil-Canadian Training Devt. Center for Caregivers- Makati Subject: Special Needs Instructor: Sir. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now JV Vergara Reaction Paper â€Å"Forrest Gump† Based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Winston Groom, Forrest Gump is a 1994 American comedy-drama film, starring Tom Hanks, Robin Wright Penn,Gary Sinise, Mykelti Williamson, and Sally Field. It is a story of Forrest Gump’s epicjourney through life meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing first-hand historic events of the late 20th century while being largely unaware of their significance, due to his borderline mental retardation. The story started off with Forrest Gump, sitting at a bus stop in Savannah,Georgia, where a feather falls on him. When he picked up and put that feather on a book entitled Curious George, he then starts to tell his story to the woman sitting beside him. During the course of the story, the listeners at the bus stop change regularly where each shows different attitudes towards him, from disbelief and indifference. As the film that we had watched, we learned about his story from childhood to during his time after the war in Vietnam. There, we witnessed his struggles and the struggles of the people around him. First, there is his mother, who taught him many wonderful things and even had sex with the principal of the school just to let Forrest enter the school and be treated equally like any other normal students. During the first day of school Forrest met his very first friend, Jenny Curran, and became best friends with her. Despite having a below level intelligence quotient (IQ), Forrest develops an ability to run at great speed due to his running from bullies from school and this gets him to college through a football scholarship. After his college graduation, he got enlisted to the army and makes friends with a black man named Bubba, who talks nothing but shrimp and even convince Forrest to go into a shrimping business after the war. They were sent to Vietnam where he had saved many members of his platoon including his platoon leader during an ambush and where Bubba was killed in action. He was then awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism. While on recovery from a gunshot wound on his buttocks, his discovers his uncanny ability for ping-pong and even gain popularity and later on competitively play against Chinese teams in ping pong diplomacy. He is subsequent promoted to sergeant and during an anti-war rally held in Washington, D. C. he reunites with Jenny, who has been living a hippie counterculture lifestyle. This is where the film ended and I can say that it has been enough to show us that the disability that Forrest Gump had can be compared to that of an innocent child who has been taught a simple life by his mother. The struggles that he had encountered, especially during the war in Vietnam, can be considered as a hard part of anyone’s life if they we’re on his shoes but Forrest did just wel l in war and did not even considered it as a big thing. There are many lessons that we can learn from his story, not just about how to treat people with disabilities or how they walk on a normal environment, but from the story of Forrest Gump, I had learned how lucky he is to be taught properly and greatly by his mother, on how he handles the people that we saw treating him improperly, and how he goes on with his life without even blaming other people or himself, that he had just accepted who he is and just like what his mother taught him, he is not different and is just like any other normal kids. If only normal people can be just like Forrest Gump, taking the struggles in life as a challenge and not as a problem, that everything that happens is according to God’s plan and that he has a reason for it, just imagine the wonderful things that can happen in one person’s life or even the influence that we can give to other people. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays The Language Features of Forrest Gump I has chosen Forrest Gump to read, as am big fan of the Oscar-winning movie adapted from the novel. Actually, when we finished reading 10 chapters of the novel, I found that it was a different story, but the book was still a page-turner. In order to make the story clear delivered, the author presents the story in chronological order. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the 10 chapters, Gump retells his adventures through American history, with everything from college football in early years to the Vietnam War and Ping-Pong games In China later in his life. Despite his low IQ and being an Autistic Savant, Gump Is full of wisdom and humor. up to now, what has left us a deep Impression Is the language feature In the novel. Language Is the reflection of a person’s soul and thought. You can tell one’s personality from his speech, so in order to reveal Gump’s traits, the author uses self-mockery and vulgar language in the novel. The informal style properly shows the character’s optimistic attitude toward his mental affliction and his simple view towards life. He never minds calling himself an idiot whenever he has done â€Å"shit† things and he would rather think himself as a â€Å"halfwit† instead of a â€Å"moron†. When the president shook hands with him and asked his feelings, he only said: live gone to Pee. As for Forrest Gump, the language is used to express his real feelings of the body, so it was impossible to say like other members whose answer was â€Å"very proud† or similar words, but he could only realistically spoke â€Å"to Pee. Some of the language and plots may seem shallow to you, but we think the simplicity is the best reflection of Gump’s merits. What’s more, in the narration, the author doesnt use literary language. He has done a lot of spelling and grammar mistakes on propose, wrltlng all the words In the way you would pronounce it. For xample, a sentence goes like,† When I got to try sayin or writin them, it kinda come out like Jello. This special way, though a little hard to read and understand, is more verbal and accordant with the way an idiot savant may acts, thus making the idiotic character more real. Besides the interesting way of writing, we can see a lot of slang, idioms and customary expressions which helps build a truer background. With the smart use of language, the author shapes the leading character vividly, Forrest Gump is far from a novel character, and In fact, he Is more Ilke a genuine man In our life, who is a man of virtues regardless of his low IQ. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays The story depicts several decades in the life of Forrest Gump, a simple Alabama man who travels across the world, sometimes meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing firsthand historic events of the late 20th century. Forrest Gump though at an early age his principal determines young Forrest possesses an IQ of 75, he has endearing character and devotion to his loved ones and duties, which brings him into many life-changing situations. Forrest interprets everything literally. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now He does not understand irony or sarcasm. His thoughts are child-like and innocent. Along the way, he encounters many historical figures and events throughout his life. Physically, Forrest is strong, athletic, and healthy. Since very early childhood he has been classified as â€Å"slow† and this has not changed in adulthood. Despite this, he is able to attend college, and graduate, signifying that he does indeed have some cognitive abilities in the classroom. Emotionally, Forrest does experience emotions such as falling in love, grief, excitement, nervousness, and so on. But, the main character with the mood/anxiety disorder would be his good friend Jenny. Jenny had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) which is a life threatening, debilitating disorder that can break down a sufferer’s body through anxiety and stress. Further it poses a significant suicide risk resulting from the brains neurological imbalance and chemical depression. Sufferers often live in denial, thus this community is aimed at helping PTSD sufferers help themselves through others experiences, guidance and education. As a young girl, Jenny was raised by her abusive dad. As a child, she was sexually abused by her father. As kids, Jenny and Forrest once prayed for God to turn her into a bird so she could fly away from her home. Eventually, however, the police took Jenny away to live with her grandmother, though the abuse she had suffered would stay with her for most of her life. Jenny eventually poses for a picture in Playboy, which gets her expelled from college. She begins playing guitar in the nude as â€Å"Bobbie Dylan† at a strip club and gets fired. Jenny then becomes a hippie and travels the country with friends. Jenny’s life then takes a dark turn into a life of drugs and prostitution. Jenny was incapable of sustaining healthy relationships due to the physical/sexual abuse she endured as a child by her alcoholic father. She reached her lowest point when she nearly jumps from an apartment balcony in a drug-induced haze. Eventually she returns to Alabama to stay with Forrest. Her bad childhood greatly influenced her life, childhood sexual abuse caused post traumatic disorder, the promiscuity was due to the hippie lifestyle and was compounded by sexual abuse from father, then the drugs and fast life style caused by the unresolved pain of her childhood which later results in her trying to commit suicide. By the end of the movie she contracted aids and died. In my opinion because she could never keep a stable sexual relationship. She just didn’t feel worthy of anyone. Jenny did not receive treatment for her disorder, her whole life was a search to find herself to find a place to belong which eventually lead her back to the place she hated the most. While watching this movie you see all the things wrong with Jenny all of her symptoms were consistent. social maladjustments arising from incest are alcoholism, drug addiction, self-injury, prostitution and promiscuity, which are all the things that happened to Jenny, but she never reached out for help until the end when she wanted Forrest to keep her son. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays Forrest Gump Free Essays â€Å"Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what one you’re going to get†, this is found in the film Forrest Gump. In the film Forrest Gump, Robert Zemeckis (director) positions the audience in a number of ways using Christian/moral discourses throughout the film. The plot is essential to any film or text and has a major role in this film. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now One important and crucial aspect of this film is the Christian/moral themes and messages, both good and bad, such as loyalty and bulling. Other aspect of the film includes dialogue, which Forrest takes literally. Perhaps the strongest theme that impacts the viewer is the plot. Body: The plot or also known as storyline is important in any film or text in a number of ways. There are a lot of aspects that lead us to accept and reject the characters. The plot is a plan or scheme to accomplish some purpose. The film Forrest Gump is about a slow BUT NOT STUPID man whom is involved in all the major events in America’s history. In his life Forrest as been a football star, Vietnam trooper, ping pong athlete and a scrimping boat captain. When we think of our lives are hard and we have no success, we turn and look at forests life. Forrest life is a lot harder than any of ours but still he succeeds. This is the message we get out of the plot. In order to further position the audience, the director uses Christian/moral themes and messages. In Forrest Gump there are a lot of Christian/moral themes and messages, both good and bad. These include bullying, friendship and acceptance, destiny, loyalty and determination. The term themes and messages refer to a subject of discourse. We are positioned to accept the loyalty that Forrest show but reject the bullying that forest encounters. An example of Forrest loyalty is when his platoon is attacked and he saves the life of most of his fellow soldiers. An example of bullying is when he gets s rocks thrown at him whilst running down that road. The themes and messages impact us on high level because they are just like the real world. The director can positively and negatively position the audience by using dialogue. The dialogue and any film or text is important but is the most influential as it is easy to understand. It is used in every film and refers to the conversation between characters. We are positioned to reject negative dialogue and accept positive dialogue. In Forrest Gump dialogue is used in a number of ways. Forrest tends to take dialogue literally. An example of dialogue used in a film is ‘life is like a box of chocolates, you’ll never know what you’re going to get. ’ This refers to how life is uncontrollable and things can happen out of the blue. Forrest believes that however, can be altered by the way you deal with it. Conclusion: Robert zemeckis positions the audience in a number of excellent ways. He uses a number of aspects including: destiny/chance, love/loyalty, acceptance, racism/bullying, symbols and metaphors, cinematic techniques, soundtracks, editing and plot. Robert zemeckis was very successful in producing and selling the film. Due to tom hanks excellent acting and zemecks’s directing the film won 6 Oscars, 32 wins and 38 nominations. Fromm the information given it would be an understatement to say that Zemeckis is a good director. As Forrest would say ‘that‘s I have to say about that. ’ How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays GSM 5301 – COST BEHAVIOUR – FORREST GUMP versus SIVAJI Forrest Gump was one of Paramount’s biggest hit movies of 1994. In 1995 it was nominated for 13 categories of the Oscar awards and it won six including best picture, best director and best actor awards. One analyst estimated that the film could generate as much as $350 million cash flow for Viacom, Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now , Paramount’ parent company. The film took nine years to make it to the big screen and the script was then thought as unlikely material for a runway hit movie. Films are typically distributed to cinemas under an agreement whereby gross box office receipts are split approximately 50/50 between the cinemas and the movie studio. Based on such an agreement, Paramount had received $191 million in gross box office receipts from the cinemas as of December 31 1994. Paramount reports that the film cost $112 million to produce, including approximately $15. 3 million each paid to Tom Hanks and director Robert Zemeckis, and â€Å"production overhead† of $14. 6 million. This production overhead is charged to the movie at a rate equal to 15% of other production costs. Not included in the $112 million production costs were the following expenses associated with the film. Promotion expenses incurred to advertise, premiere, screen, transport and store the film totaled $67 million at the end of 1994. An additional $6. 7 million ‘advertising overhead charge’ (10% of the $67 million promotion expenses) was charged to the film by Paramount. These charges represent the film’s allocation of the studio’s costs of maintaining an in-house advertising department. Paramount also charged the film a ‘distribution fee’ of 32% of its share of gross box office receipts. This fee is the film’s allocation of the costs incurred by Paramount to maintain its studio-wide distribution services. Finally $6 million interest on the $112 million in production costs was charged to the film by Paramount. Another successful film is Sivaji, the most expensive movie to be made in India, costing US24 million. It was estimated that it raked in US56 million in the first 4 weeks of screening. At Cine Plaza in New Jersey, USA, the premier ticket was priced at US$25 compared to US$9 for a Brad Pitt movie. All tickets were sold out before the show started. Rajini, the star of the show, gets a salary of US$ 4 million plus 40% of total box office receipts. Shankar, the director gets US$672,000, Rahman, the composer gets US$448,000 and Shreya, the actress gets only 1/6 of what Rahman gets. Other expenses of the movies were special effects costs, outdoor shooting in locations outside India and wages of the crew. Questions: 1. Do you agree that both Sivaji and Forrest Gump were an accounting success? 2. In their original contracts, Tom Hanks and director Zemeckis were to receive $7 million and $5 million respectively, from the movie. However, after the studio asked the producers to cut their budgets, both Hanks and Zemeckis agreed to forego their standard fees and in place to receive a % of the films gross box office receipts. It was estimated that this new agreement guaranteed each of the two 8% of the studio’s share of gross box office receipt from the film. Assuming that all costs not specifically identified as variable are fixed, what is the contribution margin of Forrest Gump? 3. If Hanks and Zemeckis had demanded their original fees up front instead of taking a % of gross receipts from box office, would Forrest Gump have made money in 1994? . Other individuals associated with the film signed contracts based on a % of ‘net profits’ rather than gross box office receipts. Net profit is the film’s profit after recouping all of the studio’s expenses. For example, Winston Groom, who wrote the novel on which the film is based, received $350,000 plus 3% of the film’s net pro fit. Eric Roth, the screenwriter, signed a similar contract with a fixed fee plus 5% of the film’s net profit. Based on your calculations above, how much did these two individuals receive from their share of the film’s profit? How much in gross box office receipts will the studio have to receive from cinemas before Groom and Roth receive any money under the profit participation agreement? 5. Based on the contracts in the film making industry, which type of contract would a studio prefer actors, directors and others associated with a film to have? Why? 6. Which type of contract would the actors, directors and others prefer to have? Why? 7. Since producing movies costs a lot of money how can the production costs be reduced in order to enhance the chances of getting a bank loan? How to cite Forrest Gump, Essay examples Forrest Gump Free Essays The movie choose to write about is Forrest Gump. The plot is about a man with a below average intelligence who as a child has to wear leg braces. People treat him different because he has to wear these leg braces. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now One day while he is being chased his leg braces fall off and he discovers his ability to run very fast. Over the course of his life he goes through many different types of events. As he grows he gets a football scholarship because he can run very fast. After that he joins the army. He meets and befriends a nice man named Bubba.Bubba tells Forrest about the shrimping business at their time in boot camp. Forrest and Bubba get sent to Vietnam. One day while they are walking they are attacked and Forrest saves many men but he is not able to save Bubba. While Forrest is trying to save Bubba he gets shot in the butt. While he was recovering he learned that he can play ping pong very well. He plays for the team that the army has. When he gets discharged from the military a company offers him money to advertise their product. He uses it to buy a shrimp boat. His former Lieutenant joins him. They end up being successful and Forrest’s mother gets sick and dies. Forrest former Lieutenant takes the business over and invests the money. They are then financially well. Forrest goes for a long run one day and is noticed by a girl he met in school named Jenny. He goes to see her and is surprised she has a son that she says is his and she tells Forrest that she is sick. She soon dies and Forrest takes care of their son. The moral lesson of this movie to me is that no matter who you are or where you are from or how smart you are does not mean that you can’t achieve great things. The ethical issue in this story to me was Forrest low intelligence and his leg braces he had to wear. This story influences my ethical decision process because it showed me that we should not judge people on their intelligence or on their physical or mental handicaps. I agree with this lesson all the way because it is a very valuable and in my opinion correct lesson. If everyone treated people how they would want to be treated I feel the world we live on will be a much better place. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers

Case Study-Contact Lenses-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Case Study of Contact Lenses. Answer: Earliest History of Contact Lens Technologies Their Efficacy in Correcting Vision Contact lenses are among the technologies which have transformed the modern global healthcare system. Since the 14th century, there have been efforts to create solutions to refraction errors on eyes which lead to short-sightedness, long-sightedness, and astigmatism. The development of contact lenses began way back in 1508 when Leonardo Da Vinci tried to wear a bowl of water on his head to aid in correcting vision (Fadel, 2017). This was his unsuccessful attempt to develop contact lenses as his device was impractical in altering vision. Later in 1636, Ren Descartes, a French scientist relied on Leonardos experiments to propose further ideas. He placed a liquid filled glass-tube directly in contact with the cornea (Vincent et al, 2016). His invention to some extent helped enhance vision except that blinking was impossible. For about two centuries later, there were no improvements on contact lenses designs. In the year 1801, Thomas Young who was an English Scientist used the ideas of Re n Descartes to come up with a pair of contact lenses. Young changed the design by Descartes where he reduced the glass tube size to exactly inch then stuck the lenses filled with water to his own eyeballs(Fadel, 2017). The device compromised the safety of the eye and seen as a ridiculous option. The device was out-rightly impractical and could not correct eye problems. The idea on the use of contact lenses to help in the correction refraction errors was never suggested until later in the year 1845(Toshida, 2008). In this period, Sir John Herschel, a physicist from England first hypothesized that if he took a mould of the eye cornea it would produce contact lenses to enable the correction of vision. Even so, the physicist did not have the right technology to enable him test this particular hypothesis. His theory however was only a speculation till around 100 years later. Improved Technologies on the Contact Lenses In the 1880s when novel glass production, shaping and cutting technologies emerged it was possible to develop thin lenses. Glass-made contact lens designs which fitted in the eye and allowed blinking for the wearer invented was independently by three different individuals. These included Dr Adolf Fick, Louis Girard and Eugene Cult(Vincent et al, 2016). Even so, the credit for this discovery has since gone to Dr Fick who was Swiss physician. Fick wrote A Contact Spectacle treatise describing the first ever contact lens that had refractive power that could improve vision. The first ever physical lens sample was created by F. A. Mueller, an artificial eye-maker in the year 1887(Toshida, 2008). These particular lenses were referred to scleral lenses since they covered the whole eye including the cornea. The lenses were slightly convex and allowed room for tears and dextrose solution. This solution was meant to create the refractive power which could correct vision. In the year 1888, Dr F ick was able to construct and fit the first ever successful contact lens. Even so, Ficks contact lenses created using heavy blown glass with an 1821mm diameter, were uncomfortable due to their weight(Guillon 2013). Even worse, the glass-made lenses covered an individuals whole exposed eye. The eyes unlike other organs in the body that get oxygenated by blood supplies, get oxygen from the air directly. Therefore covering the eyeballs with shields of glass as lenses essentially suffocates them. Use of scleral lenses developed by DR Fick according to Masoudi et al (2017) led to excruciating eye pain after several hours of using them. In spite of this problem, the glass-made scleral lenses remained the main contact lens forms for another 60 years later. In the late 1920s, there were advances in technology in the fields of anaesthesiology among other materials. These advances in technology enabled Sir John Herschels idea on developing corneal moulds to be tested. This was done in the year 1929, when the Hungarians Dr Dallos and Istvan Komromy developed a perfect technique of making moulds particularly from living eyes(Vincent et al, 2016). This development improved and proved Herschels postulations. This was the first time that creation of contact lenses which conformed to actual eye-shape was made possible. By 1930s there were plastics being produced and scientists in eye-care field opted to create contact lenses that were lightweight and transparent contact lenses(Guillon 2013). The emergence of unbreakable, malleable, easy to manufacture and scratch-resistant plastics led to yet another revolution in the industry driving glass contact lenses obsolete. Despite the advantages of the then new plastic contact lenses, they were scleral and therefore covered the whole eye and were wearable only for a few hours. In the year 1948, Kevin Touhy an optical technician from England was sanding down one plastic lens whose part fell off. This part was the section that was usually intended to cover the white of the eye ball. Instead of starting all over again, Kevin decided to try out the remaining smaller lens section (Masoudi et al, 2017). After smoothing its edges and popping it in his own eye, Kevin delightedly discovered that this particular lens could still work and also stayed in its place even during when blinking. Kevin Touhys happy accident brought forth the corneal contact lenses which are commonly used even today(Guillon 2013). The corneal lenses discovered then allowed the wearers to let the lenses stay longer in their eyes as the eye cells could somehow breathe. The corneal lenses were found to be more comfortable as compared to the earlier scleral lenses. The publicity of Touhys invention brought about rapid changes to corneal lenses. George Butterfield in the year 1950 postulated the need for curved corneal lenses contrary to the flat corneal lenses in the market then. In the late 1950s three other technicians including Frank Dickenson, John Neil and Wilhelm Sohnjes developed thinner lenses corneal lenses measuring about 0.20 mm. Thinner lenses measuring 0.10 m were later developed in 1960s(Toshida, 2008). Despite the numerous improvements done on corneal lenses they still hindered the flow of oxygen into the eyes. As a result, they could not be worn for a long time and/or overnight. The Modern Contact Lenses The efficacy of plastic corneal contact lenses and scleral lenses was still low in correcting vision problems. In the year 1958 when Otto Wichterle who was Czechoslovakian chemist discovered hydrogel, a soft and yet pliable plastic when it is wet that could be shaped appropriately and moulded to form contact lenses. Dr Robert Morrison from Pennsylvania USA being aware of Wichterles work recognized that hydrogel had the potential to make contact lenses(Diec et al, 2017).When Wichterle released his own patents for global use Dr Morrison being an optometrist set up a hydrogel manufacturing facility in his own lab to create soft contact lenses. In the early 1960s Bausch and Lomb after being granted access to this plastic they created a refined lens casting technique which could produce consistent surfaces of lenses. They also developed the mass production process of hydrogel contact lenses.In 1988, Ciba Vision introduced silicone hydrogels which offered extreme and high oxygen permeabili ty unlike the earlier versions of lenses (Diec et al, 2017).Over the later 25 years, soft and/or hard contact lensesperpetually improved particularly in regard to oxygen permeability, in order to enable eyes breathe. The best contact lenses today thus are breathable, comfortable and durable (Guillon 2013). It is thus important to appreciate the journey through which eye technology has taken since Da Vincis use of bowl of water to correct vision, to the modern flexible silicone discs which enhance vision more perfectly. References Diec, J., Tilia, D., Thomas, V. (2017). Comparison of Silicone Hydrogel and Hydrogel Daily Disposable Contact Lenses.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice, 1. Ehrich, W. (1993). History of Contact Lenses.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,19(1), 80. Fadel, D. (2017). Modern scleral lenses: Mini versus large.Contact Lens And Anterior Eye,40(4), 200-207. Guillon, M. (2013). Are Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses More Comfortable Than Hydrogel Contact Lenses?.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,39(1), 85-91. Key, J. (2007). Development of Contact Lenses and Their Worldwide Use.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,33(Supplement), 343-345. Lira, M., Silva, R. (2017). Effect of Lens Care Systems on Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens Hydrophobicity.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,43(2), 89-94. Masoudi, S., Zhao, Z., Stapleton, F., Willcox, M. (2017). Contact LensInduced Discomfort and Inflammatory Mediator Changes in Tears.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,43(1), 40-45. Toshida, H. (2008). Bifocal contact lenses: History, types, characteristics, and actual state and problems.Clinical Ophthalmology, 869. Vincent, S., Alonso-Caneiro, D., Collins, M. (2016). Evidence on scleral contact lenses and intraocular pressure.Clinical And Experimental Optometry,100(1), 87-88.