The Great American Victory Described in Robert Reminis...

Robert Remini tells the readers in â€Å"The Battle of New Orleans† that he wishes to educate his audience of the hard-hitting times our soldiers endured in this remarkable battle that made America the strong and independent country it is today. It is important to Remini to depict the heroic feats of Andrew Jackson â€Å"who became a symbol of what was best in American society† (Remini xi) because of his great leadership and determined heart. The Battle of New Orleans was a great victory for America, during the War of 1812. What made it so glorious wasn’t just the bloodshed or the hard work, but it was that the British Army was of only superb soldiers, generals, and nothing less. The things that the British endured and the distance that these†¦show more content†¦Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, and the Warhawks decide to take action and â€Å"pressured President James Madison into asking congress to declare war against Great Britain† (6). With plans to go after â€Å"the principal towns and commercial sites† the British composed a â€Å"three-pronged invasion† aimed at the Chesapeake Bay area, such as Washington; New York State; and Louisiana. Major general Robert Ross went into Washington and burned down the white house and the beloved streets of justice. After many battles on both sides the two finally met up on New Orleans grounds. The night of December 23 â€Å"the British had nearly captured [Jackson’s] artillery†, Jackson had moved deep into British areas getting closer to a victory, and after about two hours, the British had 46 men killed, 167 wounded, and 64 missing and the Patriots lost 24 killed, 115 wounded, and 74 missing or captured. The men captured by the British were lawyers, merchants, and inexperience soldiers. The British found this very amusing that we had so many untrained soldiers but, this just proves that when fighting for freedom and â€Å"beating back and invasion of their homeland† anyone can achieve great success. (79-80). Once again the British thought they were victorious, but they were quickly proven wrong with Andrew Jackson’s brilliant plan of a sneak attack in British territory. This was completely unexpected and stalled the British for a couple of days. He then stopped the invasion saving New Orleans of

Redemption The novel begins with an adult Amir looking...

Redemption: The novel begins with an adult Amir looking back on the events of his childhood. He is trying desperately to ignore his unatoned sins, but realizes that â€Å"it’s wrong what they say about the past†¦about how you can bury it. Because the past claws its way out†(Hosseini 1). Even after Amir and his father flee to America to one afternoon from decades ago still haunts him. Amir’s inaction that day impacts the rest of his life and leads to lies, betrayal, and guilt. He desires to be forgiven for his sin and does everything he can to find redemption. Amir is hopeful that â€Å"there is a way to be good again†(Hosseini 2). Social and ethnic tensions: The Kite Runner allows us a look at Afghanistan before the Soviet invasion and then after.†¦show more content†¦Family: The theme of family is persistent throughout The Kite Runner. Amir struggles between his relationship with Baba and his brotherhood with Hassan. The brotherhood of Amir and Hassan is at the heart of The Kite Runner. It is a strong, central theme woven throughout the novel. Amir and Hassan were â€Å"kids who had learned to crawl together, and no history, ethnicity, society, or religion was going to change that†(Hosseini 25). But, even though they were companions from a young age, Amir constantly tests Hassan’s loyalty and in a way, resents him. Amir explains, â€Å"I never thought of Hassan and me as friends either. Not in the usual sense, anyhow†(Hosseini 25). Amir’s love for Hassan is selfish and full of insecurity. However, Hassan’s love for Amir is selfless. He looks up to Amir and would do anything for him. His motto seems to be, â€Å"For you a thousand times over!†(Hosseini 67). Amir and Hassan’s friendship includes jealousy and insecurity, the characteristics of brotherly love. Although their relationship becomes strained, â€Å"there was a brotherhood between people who had fed from the same breast, a kinship that not even time could break†(Hosseini 11).Amir also finds it difficult to witness the relationship with Ali and Hassan. Baba and Amir’s poor relationship is offset by Ali and Hassan’s healthy one. Ali and his son, Hassan, have a loving, supportive relationship. It makes Baba and Amir’s relationship seem even more dysfunctional. It isShow MoreRelatedThe Kite Runner - Amir s Redemption1323 Words   |  6 PagesRunner – Amir’s Redemption We all make mistakes, but it is how we make up for those mistakes that will decide the kind of person we will become. The Kite Runner novel was written by Khaled Hosseini about a boy who also grew up in Afghanistan just like the author. The novel opens during a peaceful time in Kabul and tells the story of Amir and his friend and servant, Hassan. It tells us about Amir looking for approval from his father, Baba, the ethnic tensions in Afghanistan and the events leading upRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini.published Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesThe Kite Runner is the kind of novel portraying the common issues of the lives of parents and children. The Kite Runner is the first novel by Afghan-American author Khaled Hosseini.Published by Riverhead Books, it recounts the narratives of Amir, a young boy from the WazirAkbar Khan district of Kabul, whose closest companion is Hassan, son of his father s servant Hazara. The story is situated against a backdrop of turbulent and vo latile events, from the fall of Afghanistan s monarchy through theRead MoreCultural Differences in The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini 1160 Words   |  5 Pagestowards two completely different people. Amir, the son of a wealthy man in Kabul, Afghanistan, develops a friendship with his servant, Hassan. Amir and Hassan have a rather complicated relationship for two personalities that are originally very different. Hassan has strong feelings for Amir, but Amir never admits to their friendship because of their difference in social standing. As the years progressed, Amir is put in a difficult situation, during which his actions affect their lives forever whichRead MorePlot Structure Of The Kite Runner1690 Words   |  7 PagesHosseini and Arundhati Roy’s novels are devised in such a way that the plot structures are exact parallels. Thus, they can successfully use the same plot structure to portray two divergent effects of losing one’s innocence in a traumatic event. The p lot structure of the novels also reinforces the idea of innocence. The plot structure for The Kite Runner is chronological, but the plot structure for The God of Small Things is circular. In his novel, The Kite Runner, Hosseini begins to dive into the distinctionRead MoreThe Kite Runner3049 Words   |  13 Pagesatonement Review Royal Hamel Hassan!† I called. â€Å"Come back with it!† He was already turning the street corner, his rubber boots kicking up snow. He stopped, turned. He cupped his hands around his mouth. â€Å"For you, a thousand times over!† he said. So opens the pivotal event in The Kite Runner, a novel by Khaled Hosseini. The movie version, which is now in theatres, was nominated for a Golden Globe as best foreign-language film of 2007. Amir and Hassan, inseparable, fiercely loyal friends, have justRead MoreMajor Works Data Sheet Name3634 Words   |  15 PagesAfghanistan. He then moved to the U.S. when he was 11. He didn t return to Afghanistan until he was 38. On the trip he felt like a tourist in his own country. -As a child, the author read lots of Persian poetry. -He feels survivor s guilt for leaving the country before the Taliban invasion. -Afghanistan is the topic of most of the author s writing. Literary Era: Historical information about the period of publication: (3) Look for information that would help clarify the novel s themes. -Read MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 Pages This page intentionally left blank CHAPTER 1 Managing IT in a Digital World The utilization of information technology (IT) has become pervasive. Businesses not only have information systems (IS) that connect frontline employees with back-office accounting and production systems but also compete with dot-com (Internet only) companies via Web-based stores and online customer service channels. Travelers can access high-speed wireless networks from public transportation, airports, and

Forrest Gump Free Essays

Fates Destiny Society has always questioned whether love or death is a matter of choice or fate. Fate is the theory that everything happens just the way it is supposed to happen. It is also the notion that all things and events are predetermined by a higher power. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now In William Shakespeares’ Romeo and Juliet, he writes about a young man named Romeo who falls in love with a woman named Juliet. Romeo’s falling in love with Juliet causes multiple people to die including the two lovers, and he is responsible. He claims that he did not kill those individuals, and that it was fate. He also claims that fortune chose for him to end his life in order to be with his lover. In Eric Roth’s academy award winner Forrest Gump, he writes about a young man named Forrest who grew up in Greenbow, Alabama. Forrest tells his life story to strangers while waiting at a bus stop and how he’s made the best of everything that’s ever happened to him. Roth and Shakespeare both write about how the powerful concept of fate and destiny effect human beings because when Romeo’s wife dies he blames fate and when Forrest Gumps’ wife dies he states everybody has a destiny. We’ve all heard it before; â€Å"It just wasn’t meant to be,† or it was. Although it may be frustrating at times, it depends on what side of the fence you are on. We try to make excuses of why things happen in order to find some reality in these circumstances. In Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet Romeo is the kind of character that is a strong believer in fate. In (3. 1. 11) after Romeo gets married to Juliet he runs into Mercutio, Tybalt (Juliet’s’ cousin), and Benvolio. Mercutio and Tybalt start fighting, Mercutio dies and Romeo is angry with Tybalt and seeks revenge. Romeo kills Tybalt and then says â€Å"O, I am fortune’s fool! † immediately after he kills Tybalt in a duel. This seems to suggest that fate or â€Å"fortune† is responsible for Tybalt’s death, not Romeo. In Eric Roth’s Forrest Gump, Jenny ,Forrest’s best friend at the time, is being chased by her abusive father through the fields. while hiding she prays â€Å"Dear God, make me a bird so I could fly far, far, far away from here. this clearly shows that Jenny believes in fate because saying â€Å"Dear God† is referring to a higher power. Again in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in (5. 1. 24) after the main character ,Romeo, hears the horrible news from Balthasar that Juliet is dead. He cries to the sky â€Å"Is it even so? then I defy you, stars! † meaning that Romeo rejects the stars that have decided to separate Juliet an d him by death. In Forrest Gump while waiting at a bus stop, Forrest says â€Å" momma always used to say life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re gonna get. meaning that life is not controlled by the individual and it is unexpected because a higher power determines someone’s future. It is clear to see that these stories are similar in the sense that both Eric Roth and William Shakespeare use the theme of fate and it’s effects on people. Fate is the choice of a higher power but destiny is the choice of the person who believes in their fate. Both Romeo and Juliet and Forrest and Gump are examples of how fate effects humans. Shakespeare and Roth both write about how powerful the concept of fate and destiny are. When Romeo’s wife dies he blames fate and when Forrest Gumps’ wife dies he talks about how everybody has a destiny. This is relevant to our present day society because many believe in fate. Fate can cause issues in society, because we as humans have not learned how to differentiate between fate and freewill. We have to learn to realize the difference between blaming something on fate and taking the blame for our own faults. If we do not do this every generation will have excuses about how fate got in their way when it was really their free will. How to cite Forrest Gump, Essay examples Forrest Gump Free Essays Alma F. Florendo STUDENT NUMBER:   2009-5226 Fil-Canadian Training Devt. Center for Caregivers- Makati Subject: Special Needs Instructor: Sir. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now JV Vergara Reaction Paper â€Å"Forrest Gump† Based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Winston Groom, Forrest Gump is a 1994 American comedy-drama film, starring Tom Hanks, Robin Wright Penn,Gary Sinise, Mykelti Williamson, and Sally Field. It is a story of Forrest Gump’s epicjourney through life meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing first-hand historic events of the late 20th century while being largely unaware of their significance, due to his borderline mental retardation. The story started off with Forrest Gump, sitting at a bus stop in Savannah,Georgia, where a feather falls on him. When he picked up and put that feather on a book entitled Curious George, he then starts to tell his story to the woman sitting beside him. During the course of the story, the listeners at the bus stop change regularly where each shows different attitudes towards him, from disbelief and indifference. As the film that we had watched, we learned about his story from childhood to during his time after the war in Vietnam. There, we witnessed his struggles and the struggles of the people around him. First, there is his mother, who taught him many wonderful things and even had sex with the principal of the school just to let Forrest enter the school and be treated equally like any other normal students. During the first day of school Forrest met his very first friend, Jenny Curran, and became best friends with her. Despite having a below level intelligence quotient (IQ), Forrest develops an ability to run at great speed due to his running from bullies from school and this gets him to college through a football scholarship. After his college graduation, he got enlisted to the army and makes friends with a black man named Bubba, who talks nothing but shrimp and even convince Forrest to go into a shrimping business after the war. They were sent to Vietnam where he had saved many members of his platoon including his platoon leader during an ambush and where Bubba was killed in action. He was then awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism. While on recovery from a gunshot wound on his buttocks, his discovers his uncanny ability for ping-pong and even gain popularity and later on competitively play against Chinese teams in ping pong diplomacy. He is subsequent promoted to sergeant and during an anti-war rally held in Washington, D. C. he reunites with Jenny, who has been living a hippie counterculture lifestyle. This is where the film ended and I can say that it has been enough to show us that the disability that Forrest Gump had can be compared to that of an innocent child who has been taught a simple life by his mother. The struggles that he had encountered, especially during the war in Vietnam, can be considered as a hard part of anyone’s life if they we’re on his shoes but Forrest did just wel l in war and did not even considered it as a big thing. There are many lessons that we can learn from his story, not just about how to treat people with disabilities or how they walk on a normal environment, but from the story of Forrest Gump, I had learned how lucky he is to be taught properly and greatly by his mother, on how he handles the people that we saw treating him improperly, and how he goes on with his life without even blaming other people or himself, that he had just accepted who he is and just like what his mother taught him, he is not different and is just like any other normal kids. If only normal people can be just like Forrest Gump, taking the struggles in life as a challenge and not as a problem, that everything that happens is according to God’s plan and that he has a reason for it, just imagine the wonderful things that can happen in one person’s life or even the influence that we can give to other people. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays The Language Features of Forrest Gump I has chosen Forrest Gump to read, as am big fan of the Oscar-winning movie adapted from the novel. Actually, when we finished reading 10 chapters of the novel, I found that it was a different story, but the book was still a page-turner. In order to make the story clear delivered, the author presents the story in chronological order. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the 10 chapters, Gump retells his adventures through American history, with everything from college football in early years to the Vietnam War and Ping-Pong games In China later in his life. Despite his low IQ and being an Autistic Savant, Gump Is full of wisdom and humor. up to now, what has left us a deep Impression Is the language feature In the novel. Language Is the reflection of a person’s soul and thought. You can tell one’s personality from his speech, so in order to reveal Gump’s traits, the author uses self-mockery and vulgar language in the novel. The informal style properly shows the character’s optimistic attitude toward his mental affliction and his simple view towards life. He never minds calling himself an idiot whenever he has done â€Å"shit† things and he would rather think himself as a â€Å"halfwit† instead of a â€Å"moron†. When the president shook hands with him and asked his feelings, he only said: live gone to Pee. As for Forrest Gump, the language is used to express his real feelings of the body, so it was impossible to say like other members whose answer was â€Å"very proud† or similar words, but he could only realistically spoke â€Å"to Pee. Some of the language and plots may seem shallow to you, but we think the simplicity is the best reflection of Gump’s merits. What’s more, in the narration, the author doesnt use literary language. He has done a lot of spelling and grammar mistakes on propose, wrltlng all the words In the way you would pronounce it. For xample, a sentence goes like,† When I got to try sayin or writin them, it kinda come out like Jello. This special way, though a little hard to read and understand, is more verbal and accordant with the way an idiot savant may acts, thus making the idiotic character more real. Besides the interesting way of writing, we can see a lot of slang, idioms and customary expressions which helps build a truer background. With the smart use of language, the author shapes the leading character vividly, Forrest Gump is far from a novel character, and In fact, he Is more Ilke a genuine man In our life, who is a man of virtues regardless of his low IQ. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays The story depicts several decades in the life of Forrest Gump, a simple Alabama man who travels across the world, sometimes meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing firsthand historic events of the late 20th century. Forrest Gump though at an early age his principal determines young Forrest possesses an IQ of 75, he has endearing character and devotion to his loved ones and duties, which brings him into many life-changing situations. Forrest interprets everything literally. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now He does not understand irony or sarcasm. His thoughts are child-like and innocent. Along the way, he encounters many historical figures and events throughout his life. Physically, Forrest is strong, athletic, and healthy. Since very early childhood he has been classified as â€Å"slow† and this has not changed in adulthood. Despite this, he is able to attend college, and graduate, signifying that he does indeed have some cognitive abilities in the classroom. Emotionally, Forrest does experience emotions such as falling in love, grief, excitement, nervousness, and so on. But, the main character with the mood/anxiety disorder would be his good friend Jenny. Jenny had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) which is a life threatening, debilitating disorder that can break down a sufferer’s body through anxiety and stress. Further it poses a significant suicide risk resulting from the brains neurological imbalance and chemical depression. Sufferers often live in denial, thus this community is aimed at helping PTSD sufferers help themselves through others experiences, guidance and education. As a young girl, Jenny was raised by her abusive dad. As a child, she was sexually abused by her father. As kids, Jenny and Forrest once prayed for God to turn her into a bird so she could fly away from her home. Eventually, however, the police took Jenny away to live with her grandmother, though the abuse she had suffered would stay with her for most of her life. Jenny eventually poses for a picture in Playboy, which gets her expelled from college. She begins playing guitar in the nude as â€Å"Bobbie Dylan† at a strip club and gets fired. Jenny then becomes a hippie and travels the country with friends. Jenny’s life then takes a dark turn into a life of drugs and prostitution. Jenny was incapable of sustaining healthy relationships due to the physical/sexual abuse she endured as a child by her alcoholic father. She reached her lowest point when she nearly jumps from an apartment balcony in a drug-induced haze. Eventually she returns to Alabama to stay with Forrest. Her bad childhood greatly influenced her life, childhood sexual abuse caused post traumatic disorder, the promiscuity was due to the hippie lifestyle and was compounded by sexual abuse from father, then the drugs and fast life style caused by the unresolved pain of her childhood which later results in her trying to commit suicide. By the end of the movie she contracted aids and died. In my opinion because she could never keep a stable sexual relationship. She just didn’t feel worthy of anyone. Jenny did not receive treatment for her disorder, her whole life was a search to find herself to find a place to belong which eventually lead her back to the place she hated the most. While watching this movie you see all the things wrong with Jenny all of her symptoms were consistent. social maladjustments arising from incest are alcoholism, drug addiction, self-injury, prostitution and promiscuity, which are all the things that happened to Jenny, but she never reached out for help until the end when she wanted Forrest to keep her son. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays Forrest Gump Free Essays â€Å"Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what one you’re going to get†, this is found in the film Forrest Gump. In the film Forrest Gump, Robert Zemeckis (director) positions the audience in a number of ways using Christian/moral discourses throughout the film. The plot is essential to any film or text and has a major role in this film. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now One important and crucial aspect of this film is the Christian/moral themes and messages, both good and bad, such as loyalty and bulling. Other aspect of the film includes dialogue, which Forrest takes literally. Perhaps the strongest theme that impacts the viewer is the plot. Body: The plot or also known as storyline is important in any film or text in a number of ways. There are a lot of aspects that lead us to accept and reject the characters. The plot is a plan or scheme to accomplish some purpose. The film Forrest Gump is about a slow BUT NOT STUPID man whom is involved in all the major events in America’s history. In his life Forrest as been a football star, Vietnam trooper, ping pong athlete and a scrimping boat captain. When we think of our lives are hard and we have no success, we turn and look at forests life. Forrest life is a lot harder than any of ours but still he succeeds. This is the message we get out of the plot. In order to further position the audience, the director uses Christian/moral themes and messages. In Forrest Gump there are a lot of Christian/moral themes and messages, both good and bad. These include bullying, friendship and acceptance, destiny, loyalty and determination. The term themes and messages refer to a subject of discourse. We are positioned to accept the loyalty that Forrest show but reject the bullying that forest encounters. An example of Forrest loyalty is when his platoon is attacked and he saves the life of most of his fellow soldiers. An example of bullying is when he gets s rocks thrown at him whilst running down that road. The themes and messages impact us on high level because they are just like the real world. The director can positively and negatively position the audience by using dialogue. The dialogue and any film or text is important but is the most influential as it is easy to understand. It is used in every film and refers to the conversation between characters. We are positioned to reject negative dialogue and accept positive dialogue. In Forrest Gump dialogue is used in a number of ways. Forrest tends to take dialogue literally. An example of dialogue used in a film is ‘life is like a box of chocolates, you’ll never know what you’re going to get. ’ This refers to how life is uncontrollable and things can happen out of the blue. Forrest believes that however, can be altered by the way you deal with it. Conclusion: Robert zemeckis positions the audience in a number of excellent ways. He uses a number of aspects including: destiny/chance, love/loyalty, acceptance, racism/bullying, symbols and metaphors, cinematic techniques, soundtracks, editing and plot. Robert zemeckis was very successful in producing and selling the film. Due to tom hanks excellent acting and zemecks’s directing the film won 6 Oscars, 32 wins and 38 nominations. Fromm the information given it would be an understatement to say that Zemeckis is a good director. As Forrest would say ‘that‘s I have to say about that. ’ How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays GSM 5301 – COST BEHAVIOUR – FORREST GUMP versus SIVAJI Forrest Gump was one of Paramount’s biggest hit movies of 1994. In 1995 it was nominated for 13 categories of the Oscar awards and it won six including best picture, best director and best actor awards. One analyst estimated that the film could generate as much as $350 million cash flow for Viacom, Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now , Paramount’ parent company. The film took nine years to make it to the big screen and the script was then thought as unlikely material for a runway hit movie. Films are typically distributed to cinemas under an agreement whereby gross box office receipts are split approximately 50/50 between the cinemas and the movie studio. Based on such an agreement, Paramount had received $191 million in gross box office receipts from the cinemas as of December 31 1994. Paramount reports that the film cost $112 million to produce, including approximately $15. 3 million each paid to Tom Hanks and director Robert Zemeckis, and â€Å"production overhead† of $14. 6 million. This production overhead is charged to the movie at a rate equal to 15% of other production costs. Not included in the $112 million production costs were the following expenses associated with the film. Promotion expenses incurred to advertise, premiere, screen, transport and store the film totaled $67 million at the end of 1994. An additional $6. 7 million ‘advertising overhead charge’ (10% of the $67 million promotion expenses) was charged to the film by Paramount. These charges represent the film’s allocation of the studio’s costs of maintaining an in-house advertising department. Paramount also charged the film a ‘distribution fee’ of 32% of its share of gross box office receipts. This fee is the film’s allocation of the costs incurred by Paramount to maintain its studio-wide distribution services. Finally $6 million interest on the $112 million in production costs was charged to the film by Paramount. Another successful film is Sivaji, the most expensive movie to be made in India, costing US24 million. It was estimated that it raked in US56 million in the first 4 weeks of screening. At Cine Plaza in New Jersey, USA, the premier ticket was priced at US$25 compared to US$9 for a Brad Pitt movie. All tickets were sold out before the show started. Rajini, the star of the show, gets a salary of US$ 4 million plus 40% of total box office receipts. Shankar, the director gets US$672,000, Rahman, the composer gets US$448,000 and Shreya, the actress gets only 1/6 of what Rahman gets. Other expenses of the movies were special effects costs, outdoor shooting in locations outside India and wages of the crew. Questions: 1. Do you agree that both Sivaji and Forrest Gump were an accounting success? 2. In their original contracts, Tom Hanks and director Zemeckis were to receive $7 million and $5 million respectively, from the movie. However, after the studio asked the producers to cut their budgets, both Hanks and Zemeckis agreed to forego their standard fees and in place to receive a % of the films gross box office receipts. It was estimated that this new agreement guaranteed each of the two 8% of the studio’s share of gross box office receipt from the film. Assuming that all costs not specifically identified as variable are fixed, what is the contribution margin of Forrest Gump? 3. If Hanks and Zemeckis had demanded their original fees up front instead of taking a % of gross receipts from box office, would Forrest Gump have made money in 1994? . Other individuals associated with the film signed contracts based on a % of ‘net profits’ rather than gross box office receipts. Net profit is the film’s profit after recouping all of the studio’s expenses. For example, Winston Groom, who wrote the novel on which the film is based, received $350,000 plus 3% of the film’s net pro fit. Eric Roth, the screenwriter, signed a similar contract with a fixed fee plus 5% of the film’s net profit. Based on your calculations above, how much did these two individuals receive from their share of the film’s profit? How much in gross box office receipts will the studio have to receive from cinemas before Groom and Roth receive any money under the profit participation agreement? 5. Based on the contracts in the film making industry, which type of contract would a studio prefer actors, directors and others associated with a film to have? Why? 6. Which type of contract would the actors, directors and others prefer to have? Why? 7. Since producing movies costs a lot of money how can the production costs be reduced in order to enhance the chances of getting a bank loan? How to cite Forrest Gump, Essay examples Forrest Gump Free Essays The movie choose to write about is Forrest Gump. The plot is about a man with a below average intelligence who as a child has to wear leg braces. People treat him different because he has to wear these leg braces. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now One day while he is being chased his leg braces fall off and he discovers his ability to run very fast. Over the course of his life he goes through many different types of events. As he grows he gets a football scholarship because he can run very fast. After that he joins the army. He meets and befriends a nice man named Bubba.Bubba tells Forrest about the shrimping business at their time in boot camp. Forrest and Bubba get sent to Vietnam. One day while they are walking they are attacked and Forrest saves many men but he is not able to save Bubba. While Forrest is trying to save Bubba he gets shot in the butt. While he was recovering he learned that he can play ping pong very well. He plays for the team that the army has. When he gets discharged from the military a company offers him money to advertise their product. He uses it to buy a shrimp boat. His former Lieutenant joins him. They end up being successful and Forrest’s mother gets sick and dies. Forrest former Lieutenant takes the business over and invests the money. They are then financially well. Forrest goes for a long run one day and is noticed by a girl he met in school named Jenny. He goes to see her and is surprised she has a son that she says is his and she tells Forrest that she is sick. She soon dies and Forrest takes care of their son. The moral lesson of this movie to me is that no matter who you are or where you are from or how smart you are does not mean that you can’t achieve great things. The ethical issue in this story to me was Forrest low intelligence and his leg braces he had to wear. This story influences my ethical decision process because it showed me that we should not judge people on their intelligence or on their physical or mental handicaps. I agree with this lesson all the way because it is a very valuable and in my opinion correct lesson. If everyone treated people how they would want to be treated I feel the world we live on will be a much better place. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers

Case Study-Contact Lenses-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Case Study of Contact Lenses. Answer: Earliest History of Contact Lens Technologies Their Efficacy in Correcting Vision Contact lenses are among the technologies which have transformed the modern global healthcare system. Since the 14th century, there have been efforts to create solutions to refraction errors on eyes which lead to short-sightedness, long-sightedness, and astigmatism. The development of contact lenses began way back in 1508 when Leonardo Da Vinci tried to wear a bowl of water on his head to aid in correcting vision (Fadel, 2017). This was his unsuccessful attempt to develop contact lenses as his device was impractical in altering vision. Later in 1636, Ren Descartes, a French scientist relied on Leonardos experiments to propose further ideas. He placed a liquid filled glass-tube directly in contact with the cornea (Vincent et al, 2016). His invention to some extent helped enhance vision except that blinking was impossible. For about two centuries later, there were no improvements on contact lenses designs. In the year 1801, Thomas Young who was an English Scientist used the ideas of Re n Descartes to come up with a pair of contact lenses. Young changed the design by Descartes where he reduced the glass tube size to exactly inch then stuck the lenses filled with water to his own eyeballs(Fadel, 2017). The device compromised the safety of the eye and seen as a ridiculous option. The device was out-rightly impractical and could not correct eye problems. The idea on the use of contact lenses to help in the correction refraction errors was never suggested until later in the year 1845(Toshida, 2008). In this period, Sir John Herschel, a physicist from England first hypothesized that if he took a mould of the eye cornea it would produce contact lenses to enable the correction of vision. Even so, the physicist did not have the right technology to enable him test this particular hypothesis. His theory however was only a speculation till around 100 years later. Improved Technologies on the Contact Lenses In the 1880s when novel glass production, shaping and cutting technologies emerged it was possible to develop thin lenses. Glass-made contact lens designs which fitted in the eye and allowed blinking for the wearer invented was independently by three different individuals. These included Dr Adolf Fick, Louis Girard and Eugene Cult(Vincent et al, 2016). Even so, the credit for this discovery has since gone to Dr Fick who was Swiss physician. Fick wrote A Contact Spectacle treatise describing the first ever contact lens that had refractive power that could improve vision. The first ever physical lens sample was created by F. A. Mueller, an artificial eye-maker in the year 1887(Toshida, 2008). These particular lenses were referred to scleral lenses since they covered the whole eye including the cornea. The lenses were slightly convex and allowed room for tears and dextrose solution. This solution was meant to create the refractive power which could correct vision. In the year 1888, Dr F ick was able to construct and fit the first ever successful contact lens. Even so, Ficks contact lenses created using heavy blown glass with an 1821mm diameter, were uncomfortable due to their weight(Guillon 2013). Even worse, the glass-made lenses covered an individuals whole exposed eye. The eyes unlike other organs in the body that get oxygenated by blood supplies, get oxygen from the air directly. Therefore covering the eyeballs with shields of glass as lenses essentially suffocates them. Use of scleral lenses developed by DR Fick according to Masoudi et al (2017) led to excruciating eye pain after several hours of using them. In spite of this problem, the glass-made scleral lenses remained the main contact lens forms for another 60 years later. In the late 1920s, there were advances in technology in the fields of anaesthesiology among other materials. These advances in technology enabled Sir John Herschels idea on developing corneal moulds to be tested. This was done in the year 1929, when the Hungarians Dr Dallos and Istvan Komromy developed a perfect technique of making moulds particularly from living eyes(Vincent et al, 2016). This development improved and proved Herschels postulations. This was the first time that creation of contact lenses which conformed to actual eye-shape was made possible. By 1930s there were plastics being produced and scientists in eye-care field opted to create contact lenses that were lightweight and transparent contact lenses(Guillon 2013). The emergence of unbreakable, malleable, easy to manufacture and scratch-resistant plastics led to yet another revolution in the industry driving glass contact lenses obsolete. Despite the advantages of the then new plastic contact lenses, they were scleral and therefore covered the whole eye and were wearable only for a few hours. In the year 1948, Kevin Touhy an optical technician from England was sanding down one plastic lens whose part fell off. This part was the section that was usually intended to cover the white of the eye ball. Instead of starting all over again, Kevin decided to try out the remaining smaller lens section (Masoudi et al, 2017). After smoothing its edges and popping it in his own eye, Kevin delightedly discovered that this particular lens could still work and also stayed in its place even during when blinking. Kevin Touhys happy accident brought forth the corneal contact lenses which are commonly used even today(Guillon 2013). The corneal lenses discovered then allowed the wearers to let the lenses stay longer in their eyes as the eye cells could somehow breathe. The corneal lenses were found to be more comfortable as compared to the earlier scleral lenses. The publicity of Touhys invention brought about rapid changes to corneal lenses. George Butterfield in the year 1950 postulated the need for curved corneal lenses contrary to the flat corneal lenses in the market then. In the late 1950s three other technicians including Frank Dickenson, John Neil and Wilhelm Sohnjes developed thinner lenses corneal lenses measuring about 0.20 mm. Thinner lenses measuring 0.10 m were later developed in 1960s(Toshida, 2008). Despite the numerous improvements done on corneal lenses they still hindered the flow of oxygen into the eyes. As a result, they could not be worn for a long time and/or overnight. The Modern Contact Lenses The efficacy of plastic corneal contact lenses and scleral lenses was still low in correcting vision problems. In the year 1958 when Otto Wichterle who was Czechoslovakian chemist discovered hydrogel, a soft and yet pliable plastic when it is wet that could be shaped appropriately and moulded to form contact lenses. Dr Robert Morrison from Pennsylvania USA being aware of Wichterles work recognized that hydrogel had the potential to make contact lenses(Diec et al, 2017).When Wichterle released his own patents for global use Dr Morrison being an optometrist set up a hydrogel manufacturing facility in his own lab to create soft contact lenses. In the early 1960s Bausch and Lomb after being granted access to this plastic they created a refined lens casting technique which could produce consistent surfaces of lenses. They also developed the mass production process of hydrogel contact lenses.In 1988, Ciba Vision introduced silicone hydrogels which offered extreme and high oxygen permeabili ty unlike the earlier versions of lenses (Diec et al, 2017).Over the later 25 years, soft and/or hard contact lensesperpetually improved particularly in regard to oxygen permeability, in order to enable eyes breathe. The best contact lenses today thus are breathable, comfortable and durable (Guillon 2013). It is thus important to appreciate the journey through which eye technology has taken since Da Vincis use of bowl of water to correct vision, to the modern flexible silicone discs which enhance vision more perfectly. References Diec, J., Tilia, D., Thomas, V. (2017). Comparison of Silicone Hydrogel and Hydrogel Daily Disposable Contact Lenses.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice, 1. Ehrich, W. (1993). History of Contact Lenses.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,19(1), 80. Fadel, D. (2017). Modern scleral lenses: Mini versus large.Contact Lens And Anterior Eye,40(4), 200-207. Guillon, M. (2013). Are Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses More Comfortable Than Hydrogel Contact Lenses?.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,39(1), 85-91. Key, J. (2007). Development of Contact Lenses and Their Worldwide Use.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,33(Supplement), 343-345. Lira, M., Silva, R. (2017). Effect of Lens Care Systems on Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens Hydrophobicity.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,43(2), 89-94. Masoudi, S., Zhao, Z., Stapleton, F., Willcox, M. (2017). Contact LensInduced Discomfort and Inflammatory Mediator Changes in Tears.Eye Contact Lens: Science Clinical Practice,43(1), 40-45. Toshida, H. (2008). Bifocal contact lenses: History, types, characteristics, and actual state and problems.Clinical Ophthalmology, 869. Vincent, S., Alonso-Caneiro, D., Collins, M. (2016). Evidence on scleral contact lenses and intraocular pressure.Clinical And Experimental Optometry,100(1), 87-88.

Act Local free essay sample

Disneys fabled studio entertainment unit has an illustrious history in both animation and live-action features. The Lion King, released in 1994, is the highest grossing animated film of all time. More recently, Disney has enjoyed massive hits with live-action features. These include Pirates of the Caribbean and its sequels as well as classic American fare such as the TV show High School Musical. However, despite high worldwide awareness levels of the Disney brand, as of 2006 only 25 percent of the companys revenues came from outside the United States. Historically, the Disney team has created products at its headquarters in Burbank, California, and then exported them to the rest of the world. Now, as the company targets China, India, South Korea, and other emerging markets, it is departing from its one size fits all approach. One factor driving the strategy change: the first-year visitor count in Hong Kong fell short of the target figure of 5. We will write a custom essay sample on Act Local or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 6 million people. This prompted company executives to step up efforts to educate the Chinese about Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and other Disney characters. As Bill Ernest, managing director, told the Financial Times, If you havent grown up with the brand, the stories, or the theme, you are not quite sure what you are walking into. In Hong Kong, Disney officials were slow to recognize that Chinese vacationers who live on the mainland often book package tours. Tour operators choose restaurants, shopping opportunities, and other destinations that generate the highest fees and commissions. At first, Hong Kong Disneyland didnt offer a tour package that included dinners. A new dining with Disney program was quickly rolled out. To round out the promotion, individual tour operators were offered a 50 percent individual discount as an incentive to visit Disneyland personally so they would have first-hand experience at the park. Disney has learned that they cant impose the American will— or Disneys version of it—on another continent. Theyve bent over backward to make Hong Kong Disneyland blend in with the surroundings. 47 Dennis McAlpine, media and entertainment research specialist We have been U. S. -centric forever. We realize that if were going to be a global network, then we need to solicit material from around the world. 48 Gary Marsh, Disney Channel Worldwide, commenting on Disneys new programming divisions in the UK and Japan Disney also went to great lengths to capitalize on an astrological coincidence: According to the traditional Chinese calendar, 2008 was the year of the rat. In Hong Kong, Mickey and Minnie Mouse wore special red costumes as Disney proclaimed 2008 to be the Year of the Mouse. Because the Chinese government tightly controls television and motion picture standards, Disney emphasized affordable consumer products such as plush toys and Disney-themed clothing to generate awareness and interest in the Disney brand. In 2009, amidst the global economic downturn and ongoing challenges at Hong Kong Disneyland, Disneys Parks and Resorts division announced plans for a new $3. 6 billion park in Shanghai. The proposed park will be owned jointly by Disney and the Shanghai municipalgovernment. Consisting of a theme park, hotel, and shops, the development would create 50,000 much-needed jobs. Shanghai Disneyland is an important element in Disneys strategy for penetrating the local market. However, the proposal does not address Disneys need for increased media exposure; company officials believe that a Chinese Disney TV channel is essential to build awareness of the Disney brand and interest in the new theme park. Disneys other divisions are also pursuing a more localized approach in key emerging markets. As Jason Reed, general manager for Walt Disney Studios International Productions, noted, Weve been very successful with our big global productions, such as Pirates of the Caribbean and National Treasure. But we think theres a natural way to supplement these films in areas like China, Russia, and India—areas that have built-in film traditions. For example, in India Disney is abandoning its go-it-alone policy and partnering with local companies such as Yash Raj Films. One new Hindi-language show, Dhoom Machaao Dhoom, concerns a girls quest for identity after living in the United States; another show, Vicky and Vetal, concerns a boys friendship with a 300-year-old ghost. The new approach is clearly paying off. In 2008, Disney released Roadside Romeo, its first animated feature developed specifically for India. The film was box-office gold, with the best opening weekend of any Disney feature in India. Disney is hoping to appeal to Indias family-oriented middle-class consumers; core themes include believe in yourself, express yourself, and celebrate your family. Because the number of cable television subscribers is increasingly rapidly, Disney launched the Disney Channel and Toon Disney. In addition, the company acquired Hugama, a childrens channel. Disney is also making Indian versions of its hit movie High School Musical. One challenge in India is the number of languages and dialects. Roadside Romeo was released in Hindi, Tamil, and Teluga. Future projects may be produced specifically for southern India where movie preferences are markedly different than in the north. Disney is going native in other emerging markets as well. 2009s Book of Masters was the companys first live-action film for the Russian market. A Russian version of High School Musical is also in the works. Next up: the Middle East. As Disneys Jason Reed says, Theres a really strong affinity between the strong family values in the region and the Disney brand. We want to go out and try to make a film that will play to families from North Africa to the Gulf States. Discussion Questions Why is it necessary for Disney to build braid awareness in China and other emerging markets? Do you agree with Disneys decision to pursue a localization approach in emerging-markets? Why is High School Musical~so successful in global markets?

Free Essays on Religious Traditions Of Taoism

Overview Taoism is a principal philosophy and system of religion that began in China. It is based on the teachings of Lao-tzu in the sixth century B.C. and on subsequent revelations by Chuang-tzu and others. It advocates a simple honest life, and noninterference with the course of natural events. (dictionary.com, 2004.) It has remained in China and been used hand-in-hand with Confucianism. It has slowly spread west, and in these hectic times, it is being used as a reprieve from today’s troubled world. The main theme of Taoism is to align oneself with Tao, or â€Å"the way.† It is the natural order of things. Taoism combines a way of living as one with nature, mediation, and worshipping and rituals to combine a philosophy into more than a religion – into a way of life. Yin and Yang The symbol of yin and yang is the graphical representation of Tao. Yin is the female side of nature, and is represented by the black part of the circle. Yang represents the male side and is the white side of the circle. Together, they represent balance. Without yin, the yang side would be unbalanced, and vice-versa. This applies to everything in nature. Day and night balance each other out. Floods balance out fires. Peace balances out chaos. When our lives are calm, they are balanced. The theory of yin and yang helps to show Taoists that when things are chaotic, something is out of balance. We must reflect and meditate to analyze these imbalances and work to get our lives back in harmony. The Principle of Non-action Taoists believe that the art of â€Å"We Wei† or non-action is the path to Tao and salvation. Wu wei does not mean that you sit and wait for things to happen to you. This means that you reflect on your actions before you do them, and see how the will affect nature and those around you. It saves energy in that you are not â€Å"swimming upstream,† but rather you are examining the current to find the best way to approach a... Free Essays on Religious Traditions Of Taoism Free Essays on Religious Traditions Of Taoism Overview Taoism is a principal philosophy and system of religion that began in China. It is based on the teachings of Lao-tzu in the sixth century B.C. and on subsequent revelations by Chuang-tzu and others. It advocates a simple honest life, and noninterference with the course of natural events. (dictionary.com, 2004.) It has remained in China and been used hand-in-hand with Confucianism. It has slowly spread west, and in these hectic times, it is being used as a reprieve from today’s troubled world. The main theme of Taoism is to align oneself with Tao, or â€Å"the way.† It is the natural order of things. Taoism combines a way of living as one with nature, mediation, and worshipping and rituals to combine a philosophy into more than a religion – into a way of life. Yin and Yang The symbol of yin and yang is the graphical representation of Tao. Yin is the female side of nature, and is represented by the black part of the circle. Yang represents the male side and is the white side of the circle. Together, they represent balance. Without yin, the yang side would be unbalanced, and vice-versa. This applies to everything in nature. Day and night balance each other out. Floods balance out fires. Peace balances out chaos. When our lives are calm, they are balanced. The theory of yin and yang helps to show Taoists that when things are chaotic, something is out of balance. We must reflect and meditate to analyze these imbalances and work to get our lives back in harmony. The Principle of Non-action Taoists believe that the art of â€Å"We Wei† or non-action is the path to Tao and salvation. Wu wei does not mean that you sit and wait for things to happen to you. This means that you reflect on your actions before you do them, and see how the will affect nature and those around you. It saves energy in that you are not â€Å"swimming upstream,† but rather you are examining the current to find the best way to approach a...

How should one live Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How should one live - Essay Example 2). Most of us people believe that a life devoid of sorrow or hardships is essentially the one that is desirable. Yet another school of thought holds that sorrow and happiness are the two sides of the same coin, and that hardships are an invincible component of human life. According to them, the true essence of life lies in the success in overcoming the difficulties and challenges posed by life. A balanced approach towards life is instrumental in bringing about a transformation of the mind and the soul. It is true that happiness and peace are  the two major issues in human existence. But one can never get everything he/she wants because it is practically impossible. â€Å"The good for man is an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue, or if there are more kinds of virtue than one, in accordance with the best and most perfect kind.† (Barnes, 2004, p. 16). One can learn to control his/her mind and live a restrained and satisfied life with a whole new viewpoint. Restraint and self-control helps to purify the mind. It cleanses the thought process of negative feelings like greed, hatred and jealousy that keep us enslaved in emotional bondage. It brings the mind to a state of tranquility and awareness and leads the soul to a state of concentration and insight. Another way of leading a meaningful life is to learn to love one self. It is a matter of great regret that most of us spend our entire life cursing ourselves for what we are and pondering over what we could or should have been. We feel ashamed and embarrassed to accept what we are and keep comparing ourselves with others. Instead of self-reproach one should rather love oneself and one’s world. One should realize that pain and comfort are two facets of the same life. So if we are so eager to gain comfort, we should also not hesitate in facing pain. The idea that has to be reinforced is that one should be equally receptive to the

The Role of the Financial manager SLP Assignment

The Role of the Financial manager SLP - Assignment Example Coupled with the recent developments in the financial performance successes, Apple Inc.’s status as a towering figure among publicly traded companies continues to cement its business. Based on the strong brand presence and financial successes reported continuously at the company, success projections in the near future appear promising due to the sustainability of its business model. The utilization of high-end technologies at Apple Inc. continues to provide a promising future for the company’s growing market. The size of Apple Inc. in the American and global smart technologies segment correspond with the recorded revenue growth hitting $42.1 in the fourth quarter of the just ended trading period (Apple Inc., 2014). Further projections on the company’s future relate to the company’s ratings on management effectiveness standing at 14.96 per cent and 33.61 per cent for return on assets and equity respectively. The sustainability of the software and hardware model at Apple’s products portfolio enables the company to challenge for top honors in the technology market. Apple Inc.’s towering financial power elevates it to the top of the list of American multinationals supporting tens of billions of dollars as stable investment value. Recent income figures in excess of $325 billion supported by quarterly gross margin growth of 38 per cent give an indication of the size of the company (Apple Inc., 2014). In these financial figures, $70.54 billion of gross profit implies that the company posted positive operations in the market that it continues to dominate. According to Yahoo Finance (2014), Apple Inc. trades as AAPL at Nasdaq stock market, with the recent stock market performance standing at a stable price of $109.70 (week opening Nov 10). The price of Apple Inc.’s share a year ago stood at $74.28, which gives an indication of growth by a growth of

Performing and Visual Arts Standardization Essay

Performing and Visual Arts Standardization - Essay Example In Wikipedia Encyclopedia "The visual arts are art forms that focus on the creation of which are primarily visual in nature, such as Painting, Photography, Print making and film making". Those that involve three dimensional objects such as sculpture and architecture are called plastic arts. In Wikipedia Encyclopedia "The performing arts are those forms of art which differ from the plastic arts insofar as the former uses the artist's own body, face and presents as a medium and latter uses material such as clay metal or paint". The teachers of arts should be well read and well informed on arts and artists. They should do research on arts from the past and the present so as to make them thorough with the subject. They should also try to participate in art criticism based on reliable information and clear criteria. The Art teachers should shape the student's ability to think. They should encourage their students to observe arts, and create and use their imaginations. They should make the students organize their thoughts and feelings. The teachers of arts should teach the students to respond in predictable and unpredictable ways.

Old common law rule

Old common law rule Introduction The old common law rule of The demise of nemo dat quod non habet that a person cannot convey a greater title than that person already has and a person holding a licence cannot convey the superior title of a lease. This old comman law rule had been followed for many years, until the House of Lords decision in Bruton. The House of Lords in Bruton held that someone with no interest in land can grant a lease provided that the exclusive possession is given in the agreement. I will explain and critically evaluate the House of Lords decision in the followings. House of Lords Decision The House of Lords took the opposite view with the Court of Appeal and held that the agreement between the Trust and Mr.Bruton was a lease. I will explain the decision below. Applying Street v Mountford The House of Lord decision in Street had been strictly applied.[1] According to Street, the agreement between the Trust and Mr.Bruton could be a lease/ tenancy if the three elements of 1) exclusive possession; 2) term and 3) rent are satisfied. The agreement permitted Mr.Bruton to occupy a flat in the block on a short-term basis for a weekly sum of ?18. The elements of term and rent are thus satisfied. Whether Bruton had exclusive possession Whether the requirement in Street can be satisfied depends on whether Mr.Bruton had exclusive possession. Although the agreement expressively referred it as a licence, it is irrelevant. Lord Hoffmann said that the language used, such as licence, is irrelevant. It is the true construction that identifies it as a lease.[2] Exclusive possession is a question of law that depends on the characteristic of the terms agreed. Lord Hoffmann said that the Trust plainly gave Mr.Bruton a right to exclusive possession and there was no suggestion on shared possession.[3] Effect of the reservation clause Although the Trust reserved limited right of entry for the purpose of inspection and repair, still exclusive possession was given to Mr. Bruton. Lord Hoffmann used the case of Westminster City Council [1992] as reference .In Westminster City, the only rights which it reserved were for itself and the council to enter at certain times for limited purposes. He further relied on the judgment of Lord Templeman in Street, and deduced that such an express reservation only further reinforced the entitlement of Mr. Bruton to exclusive possession.[4] Special Circumstances Charitable objective Could the charitable objective and the lack of interest in land of the Trust be considered to be special circumstances? Lord Hoffmann stated that the character of the landlord is irrelevant. He said that Although the Rent Acts and other Landlord and Tenant Acts do make distinctions between different kinds of landlords, it is not by saying that what would be a tenancy if granted by one landlord will be something else if granted by another.[5] Therefore, the charitable objective of the Trust did not constitute to a special circumstance. Could a landlord with no interest in land grant a lease/ tenancy The general rule is that if the landlord has no interest in land, he is in lack of capacity to grant a lease. The House of Lords relied on Family Housing Association to justify that there was no special circumstance existed for making an exception to the principle in Street. The House of Lord considered that Family Housing Association v. Jones was wrongly distinguished in the Court of Appeal. Lord Hoffmann regarded the fact in this case was very similar to that in Bruton. The crucial element is that in Family Housing Association, the grantor have no legal title, nonetheless, Slade L.J. concluded that the grantor have no legal title was not constitute an exception to the principle in Street. Therefore, the Housing Trust could grant Bruton a tenancy despite that the Trust had no interest in land. Tenancy by Estoppel MillettL.J. in the Court of Appeal said that an agreement could not be a lease unless it created a legal estate in the land which binds the whole world. He said that the only exception in this case that the grantor could grant a lease was by tenancy by estoppel. Lord Hoffmann thought that MilletL.J. was misled by the term of tenancy by estoppel that an agreement which could not otherwise be a lease or tenancy but which was treated as being one by virtue of an estoppel.[6] Lord Hoffmann and Lord Hobhouse thought that tenancy by estoppel was not a correct analysis. In this case, estoppel arises from the agreement, not the other way round. Critical Evaluation Contrary to the intention of legislation/ Parliament According to section 32(3) of the Housing Act 1985, the Council had no power to grant the Housing Trust a tenancy. Therefore the intention of the legislation was that the trust could only have the capacity to grant licence to homeless people on a temporary basis. The House of Lords decision totally ignored the intention of the legislation. The duty of a Judge is not to make law, but to interpret the intention of the Parliament. In this case, I think that the intention of the Parliament in section 32(3) is to provide temporary accommodation for homeless people through the Housing Trust by granting licence. The intention of Parliament should be supreme and should be strictly followed by the Judges. Street v Mountford should be distinguished Although the agreement expressly stated that it is in the form of a licence. The House of Lords still found that the agreement was a tenancy because the agreement grants exclusive possession to Mr.Bruton. Charitable objective of the Trust should be constituted as a special circumstance that constructs the agreement as a licence despite the rule in Street. Lord Hoffmann regarded that the charitable objective of the Trust is irrelevant and there was no distinction among other landlords. Again, Lord Hoffmann did not follow the intention of the Legislation/ Parliament. The Rent Acts and other Landlord and Tenant Acts do make distinctions between different kinds of landlords. In my opinion, the characteristic of charity does prohibit the Trust from granting a tenancy, since providing a temporary accommodation for people in need required a high degree of flexibility. Therefore a charitable trust should only grant licence rather than tenancy. The decision in Street should be distinguished due to these special circumstances. No exclusive possession I think that exclusivity of possession should be judged in an objective basis. All the terms in the agreement and the intention of the parties should be taken into account. Therefore the reservation clause should be interpreted objectively. As it was an express clause, there was strong evidence showing that the Trust intended not to give exclusive possession to Mr. Bruton. Moreover, with the right of entry is reserved by the Trust, it could hardly be concluded that exclusive possession was given to Mr. Bruton. Floodgate After Bruton, a new type of tenancy called personal tenancy is created. In Bruton, the grantor with no interest in land can still grant a lease. This decision totally departed from the old rule that a person holding a licence cannot convey a lease. After Bruton, Kay v Lambeth [2004] and London Borough of Islington v Green and OShea [2005] both confirmed that a personal tenancy could be granted by someone with no interest in land. [7] The nature of personal tenancy seems to be similar to that of a contractual licence. Unfortunately, the House of Lords did not distinguish personal tenancy from contractual licence. The result would be potentially dangerous since a licence granted by the landlord maybe eventually interpreted as a personal tenancy by court according to Bruton. A floodgate situation would be resulted, since every licensee would argue that a personal tenancy should be granted instead of a licence. Registration The personal tenancy creates no interest in land and the nature of a personal tenancy is similar to that of a contractual licence. A contracts or leases (but not oral lease) are registrable under LRO s.2 but a contractual licence is not registrable under L.R.O, s. 2.. Therefore it is doubtful whether a personal tenancy created in Bruton is registrable. Conclusion After the above analysis, I do not think that the decision of the House of Lord in Bruton is a good decision. It created uncertainty in whether someone with no interest in land can grant a lease or not. Although in Bruton, and the latter case of Kay [2004] and Green [2005] confirmed that a grantor with no interest in land can grant a personal tenancy. But the old common law rule of The demise of nemo dat quod non habet still needed to be considered. And Lord Hoffmann did not give a concrete reason on not applying the old common law rule. It also blurred the requirement of satisfying an exclusive possession. In Bruton, the tenant of the personal tenancy has enforceable rights against the landlord and against strangers,'[8] except the original grantor (the council), which has a superior title.[9] As the tenant cannot enforce his right against someone who has the superior title, the element of exclusive possession in the personal tenancy is in doubt. The House of Lords created an uncertainty in determining whether exclusive possession had been given in the assignment. Lastly, certainty in law and the intention of the Parliament should be strictly observed. And the decision of the House of Lord in Bruton disrupted the legal certainty and contravened the intention of Parliament. Therefore, it cannot be a correct decision. Per Lord Templeman in Street v Mountford, supra at p.818 Per Lord Hoffmann in Bruton v London Quadrant Housing Trust, supra at p.413 Per Lord Hoffmann in Bruton v London Quadrant Housing Trust, supra at p.414 Per Lord Hoffmann in Bruton v London Quadrant Housing Trust, supra at p.414 Per Lord Hoffmann in Bruton v London Quadrant Housing Trust, supra at p.414 Per Lord Hoffmann in Bruton v London Quadrant Housing Trust, supra at p.414 Mark Pawlowski, James Brown, Case Comment Bruton: A new species of tenancy?, Landlord Tenant Review 2000 M. Harwood, Lease: Are They Still not Really Real? (2000) 20 Legal Studies 503 at p.513 John-Paul Hinojosa, On Property, Lease, Licences, Horses and Carts: Revising Bruton v London Quadrant Housing Trust, Conveyancer and Property Lawyer 2005

Jack versus Ralph as Leaders in Goldings Lord of the Flies Essay

In today’s modern society, a leader must contain capabilities that include decisive decision making that benefit the rest of society. In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, the leaders, Jack and Ralph, make decisions that impair the well being of the boys on the island. When Jack and Ralph place the personal need of being in control above the needs of the boys, chaos ensues on the island. Also, When Jack and Ralph both use fear as a tool to accomplish their personal goals that they placed above the needs of the boys, order on the island broke down. Lastly, when Jack and Ralph placed their personal needs of not co-operating with one another, order on the island broke down. In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, when leaders place their personal needs above the needs of society, order on the island breaks down. When Ralph and Jack placed their own personal needs of being in control of the other boys, order on the island broke down. Ralph stated that he was chief and as long as he was voted chief, the boys would do as they were told to, as stated in the chapter, The Beast from the Water, ‘You voted me for chief. Now you do as I say’ (81). This quotation incorporates the fact that Ralph has grown aware of the fact that he has the power to make decisions that affect the rest of the boys deeply and that he has the top power on the island at that point. Becoming chief was not necessarily a personal need for Ralph at first, but as events occur, he became aware of the fact that he has ultimate authority and will do make sure the boys complete their tasks in order sustain order, even if it meant disciplining them. When Ralph held the meeting by the beach at night in chapter five, chaos ensued as a result of his personal need of being... ...the island. In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, when leaders place their personal needs above the needs of society, order on the island breaks down. Ralph and Jack both placed both of their own needs of being in control above the rest of the boys, which resulted in chaos on the island. Also, when Jack and Ralph utilized fear and fear of the unknown against the boys in order to get what they wanted, order broke down on the island. Finally, when leaders place the neglect of co-operation above the needs of the boys, order on the island breaks down. These are all fine examples of how leaders can become corrupt of how an excellent leader can be tested with temptation to do wrong. They all provide sufficient proof that Jack and Ralph placed their own personal needs above the needs of society, which in the end, resulted in chaotic breakdown on the island.